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Downloaded from
YTS.MX

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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX

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[SIREN WAILING]

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[RUMBLING]

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[MUSIC BOX PLAYS]

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[MAN SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY]

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MAN ON TV: A large,
handmade pepperoni pizza
for five bucks.

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WOMAN ON TV: This year'
fashion week has shown us

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some bold new trends
for the upcoming season.

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She started out
as a hot, new designer...

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MALE NEWSCASTER 1:
It was initially reported that

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57 people were
killed in Iraq today.

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MALE REPORTER: The bi
discussion of the summit was

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climate change,
despite opposition...

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FEMALE NEWSCASTER:
I heard that children
were taken out, bloody.

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WOMAN: I am very scared
I'm worried about my daughter,

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I'm worried about my...

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MALE NEWSCASTER 2:
The military space race
is not over.

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There's no doubt
in my mind that...

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[SPEAKERS OVERLAPPING]

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FEMALE NEWSCASTER 2:
...killer was on several
mind-altering medications.

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MAN: ...don't want
any more
adrenaline junkies...

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FEMALE NEWSCASTER 3:
...tragic death of
a 5-year-old girl...

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MALE REPORTER 2:
...cutting edge research...

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WEINER: We've been very good

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at making enormous
strides in technology.

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It makes us look advanced.

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But I think where we fall down

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is that we haven't gone
nearly as far in
our internal world.

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I don't know that we've really
come too much farther

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than people did
thousands of years ago.

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MATE: Most of us don't know
why we're doing what we're
doing most of the time.

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Especially when it comes
to the really important
decisions in our lives.

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This is largely
a society in denial.

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WEINER: We have been stuck
I think, for a very long time

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in the ways we've done things,
and everybody sees it now.

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I don't think people can
really look around the world

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or the Earth and say,
"It's all great."

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Well, how about now, we start
to look inside ourselves?

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How about we take
the ideas that fueled

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this kind of development
and look inside?

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Why wouldn't we go back
to the womb?

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Why do we want to start
anywhere else really,
but there?

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It's where we all start.

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JANUS: In Western culture,

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we have no idea
about prenatal life.

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Life begins with birth,
not before.

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But other cultures

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have an understanding
or an intuition

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what prenatal life may mean
for the becoming child.

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They believe
the pregnant woman

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should be cautious
and not excited,

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no burdens and so on.

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The time before birth
is your living time.

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NESCI:
One hundred years ago,

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babies were put into,
you know, strange clothes,

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they could not move,

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they were embalmed
like mummies,

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and their heart rate
beat was slower,

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they would eat less,
they would develop less.

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Up to the '50s and
even the '60s in Europe,

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babies were operated on
without anesthesia.

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"Babies don't experience
and don't feel,"

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that was the general opinion,
that they forget everything.

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And so, you can let them
cry and they forget it.

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Doctors would do horrible,
horrible, horrible operations.

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And they told their parents

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that the reason that they
are not using an anesthetic

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is because the anesthetic
would damage the child.

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But in fact they damaged
the children themselves

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through this
traumatic experience.

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The reason I did not
become an obstetrician

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is because I hated the way
obstetricians were
treating women.

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They were yelling at them.

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"Push! Push! Push!
What's the matter with you?"

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You know, "Push!" [INFANT CRYING]

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And we were taught that
babies can't remember anything

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before the age of two.

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NESCI: In this last century,

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the attitude
is changing dramatically.

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We can identify

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with a child, with a baby.

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Ultrasound is magic.

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How could you see a baby
in the womb during pregnancy?

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MONK: The nature of what w
do is really thinking about

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development as it starts
before birth.

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And we're really pushing
back that timeframe

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to say that there are
factors environmentally

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that happen, um, prenatally

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and so their environment
is their mother's.

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Human beings are affected
by the environment,

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as soon as they have
an environment.

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And that means as soon as
we're implanted in the womb.

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So, from that moment on,
until we die...

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Uh, we are creatures

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who are interacting with,

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shaping, and being shaped by,
the environment.

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[MUSIC PLAYS]

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NARRATOR: Our whole stor
is about "little number five"

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and how his mother
is preparing for him.

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She knows that he will have
nothing to grow on

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except the food
that she eats for him.

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She really is eating
for two people,

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herself and
"little number five."

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JANUS: Fifty years ago,

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we have the research
to brain development,

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we have the
epidemiological research

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and we have the direct
observation, uh,
via ultrasound

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and film and so on.

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The epidemiological research

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is coming from a man, uh,
whose name is Barker.

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Some of the early
observations by Barker

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were in England and Wales,

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that geographically,
there were different areas

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that had high
neonatal mortality risk

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as well as high
cardiovascular mortality risk.

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There were
further investigations,

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which ultimately linked
low birth weight

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to an increased risk
of cardiovascular mortality.

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And when you think about
low birth weight,

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the main driver is
the nutritional
environment in utero.

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JANUS: That was 2
or 30 years ago,

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and there was an explosion
of research.

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Some of this came out
of studies, for example,

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with what's called
"The Dutch Famine."

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BEZRUCHKA:
From November, 1944
to April, 1945,

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the Nazis constrained
the amount of food

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going into the Netherlands.

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And so the government
reduced the rations

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from 1,800 calories a day
to 900 calories a day.

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There were about 5,000 women

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who were pregnant
during this period.

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And what happened was

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people followed up
in adulthood,

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to look at what kind of
problems they were having.

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Fetuses who were
in this period of famine

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in the first trimester

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had a whole host of problems
when they got to be my age.

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MATE: They will be
more likely to develop

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the so-called
metabolic syndrome,

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which consists of diabetes,

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high blood pressure
and heart problems.

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And these are
obvious examples

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of how the environment
already in utero

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can affect
the life of the adult.

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The factor that we least
appreciate, however, is that

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in addition to
these self-evident
physical factors

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00:08:54,326 --> 00:08:56,743
is the emotional state
of the mother.

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About how many months
pregnant would you say
she is, Doctor?

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About seven months.

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00:09:00,332 --> 00:09:01,989
Have you someone to help you
with the housework?

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00:09:02,024 --> 00:09:04,164
My sister comes in
once in a while,

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but it's hard for her
to get away.

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JANUS: In our life,

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the first, big person
is the mother.

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Mother is giving life,
giving birth.

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And if the mother
is feeling well,

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the baby feels he is
living in a good world.

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If the mother has stress,

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he feels the world
is stressful.

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VERNY: Stress decreases
the immune response.

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Everybody knows that.

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If you don't sleep enough,
if you work too hard,

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your stress level increases,

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and your immune system
goes down the toilet.

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When that happens
while you're in utero,

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it really affects
your immune system

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for the rest of your life.

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Human beings are affected
in their development

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by early experiences,
including, in the uterus.

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They are affected by
the emotional environment

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00:10:03,603 --> 00:10:06,433
in which they're conceived
and carried and birthed,

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and then reared in.

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The broad outlines
of that knowledge

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has been really
well established.

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But we're not practicing it
as a society,

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we're not recognizing it.

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Prenatal life
is so unknown to us

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and yet so important
to who we are as people.

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00:10:30,181 --> 00:10:33,529
You will see it unconsciously
expressed in many ways.

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You will see it in movies,

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you will see it in fairytales,
you will see it in novels,

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you will see it in mythology,
in folklore.

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You name it,
you will see it there.

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JANUS: In older times,

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fairy tales were told
to the young people

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to help them to
confront the old anxieties

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from birth
and from helplessness.

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It's the fight with
the mighty parent figures.

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00:11:00,038 --> 00:11:04,180
Maybe a witch,
maybe a cruel father figure.

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00:11:04,215 --> 00:11:07,977
And in modern times,
we have films.

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00:11:08,012 --> 00:11:11,187
They follow the frame
of the fairy tales.

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In the uterine world,
you are swimming,

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and there is the film,
The Little Mermaid

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00:11:22,302 --> 00:11:24,960
URSULA: Hurry home, princess.

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We wouldn't want to miss

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00:11:26,547 --> 00:11:29,965
old Daddy's celebration,
now, would we?

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00:11:29,999 --> 00:11:32,105
JANUS: The crisis begins

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when she falls in love

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and feels weak

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and loses her voice...

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00:11:40,803 --> 00:11:42,563
[VOCALIZING]

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And then the film goes back

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and shows the background. Keep singing!

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There, this is a fixation,
anxiety fixation

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00:11:51,262 --> 00:11:54,886
by a big, cruel,
dominating mother.

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00:11:54,921 --> 00:11:56,508
[CACKLING]

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And the story of the film
is the fight and overcoming,

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00:12:04,033 --> 00:12:06,829
being stronger
than this mother,

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00:12:06,864 --> 00:12:09,729
and it is a fight
of life and death.

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00:12:13,180 --> 00:12:15,700
[URSULA CACKLES]

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00:12:15,735 --> 00:12:18,876
So much for true love!

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00:12:18,910 --> 00:12:21,533
And these ambivalent feelings

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00:12:21,568 --> 00:12:24,157
against the mother
are natural.

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00:12:24,191 --> 00:12:28,161
If it is going good,
our life is an adventure.

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00:12:28,195 --> 00:12:31,578
If it is bad,
it is traumatic,
it is suffering.

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00:12:35,858 --> 00:12:38,412
Intrauterine life
is not a paradise

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00:12:38,447 --> 00:12:43,038
as some people
try to make us believe.

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00:12:43,072 --> 00:12:46,386
We are the receiver
of all the happiness

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00:12:46,420 --> 00:12:49,596
and of all the anxieties

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00:12:49,630 --> 00:12:51,943
and difficulties
of our parents.

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00:12:53,358 --> 00:12:57,742
The fetus
is a sentient being.

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Think of it as
moving, quivering,

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00:13:05,129 --> 00:13:06,682
without a skin.

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00:13:09,133 --> 00:13:12,481
He marinates in
the feelings of the mother.

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00:13:13,689 --> 00:13:15,795
BAIL: It feels every shudder.

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00:13:15,829 --> 00:13:18,452
It feels the mother's
gladness and happiness

228
00:13:18,487 --> 00:13:21,697
but it feels every anxiety.

229
00:13:21,731 --> 00:13:26,391
It's the anxieties
that cause the difficulties.

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00:13:26,426 --> 00:13:29,601
And of course,
something that
happened in the womb

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00:13:29,636 --> 00:13:31,362
would be at
the deepest level.

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00:13:31,396 --> 00:13:33,088
It's at the start
of your life,

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00:13:33,122 --> 00:13:37,092
it happens with the woman
who gave you life.

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00:13:37,126 --> 00:13:38,818
This would be at
the deepest level, I think,

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00:13:38,852 --> 00:13:40,371
of everybody's personality.

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00:13:43,892 --> 00:13:45,445
NESCI: Since I was a child,

237
00:13:45,479 --> 00:13:50,139
I had the feeling that
there were family secrets.

238
00:13:50,174 --> 00:13:52,245
My father and
my mother gave me

239
00:13:52,279 --> 00:13:55,317
versions of the history
of the family.

240
00:13:55,351 --> 00:14:00,011
That was something that
didn't work out completely.

241
00:14:00,046 --> 00:14:03,635
So, I understood
I had to look for something

242
00:14:03,670 --> 00:14:09,089
that was beyond
what appeared
on the surface.

243
00:14:09,124 --> 00:14:13,197
I think from here
came my interest
in the unconscious.

244
00:14:13,231 --> 00:14:15,924
[SPEAKING ITALIAN]

245
00:14:18,409 --> 00:14:21,861
I was very interested
in dreams and movies

246
00:14:21,895 --> 00:14:24,864
because they speak
a very similar language.

247
00:14:28,039 --> 00:14:30,559
If you look at
Alice in Wonderland,

248
00:14:30,593 --> 00:14:32,285
you have the rabbit.

249
00:14:32,319 --> 00:14:34,943
[WHISTLING] [CAT MEOWS]

250
00:14:34,977 --> 00:14:38,118
The rabbit is the animal
of making many children.

251
00:14:38,153 --> 00:14:39,568
♪ No, no, no, I'm overdue!

252
00:14:39,602 --> 00:14:41,225
♪ I'm really in a stew

253
00:14:41,259 --> 00:14:42,847
♪ No time to say
"Goodbye," hello!

254
00:14:42,882 --> 00:14:43,917
♪ I'm late, I'm late,
I'm late! ♪

255
00:14:43,952 --> 00:14:45,332
What can I do for you?

256
00:14:45,367 --> 00:14:47,196
Well, I'm looking
for a white rabbit.

257
00:14:47,231 --> 00:14:48,888
So, um, if you don't mind...

258
00:14:48,922 --> 00:14:51,028
Eh? Oh!

259
00:14:51,062 --> 00:14:53,306
There he is!
I simply must get through!

260
00:14:53,340 --> 00:14:54,997
Sorry, you're much too big.

261
00:14:55,032 --> 00:14:56,343
Simply impassable.

262
00:14:56,378 --> 00:14:58,552
You mean, "Impossible?" No, impassable.

263
00:14:58,587 --> 00:15:00,382
Nothing's impossible.

264
00:15:00,416 --> 00:15:02,902
There is always
this question...

265
00:15:02,936 --> 00:15:06,802
Too big, too small?

266
00:15:06,836 --> 00:15:11,911
Always the problem,
to get into?
Or to go out?

267
00:15:11,945 --> 00:15:14,258
To "go out"
is to be delivered.

268
00:15:20,333 --> 00:15:21,886
[SHRIEKING]

269
00:15:26,166 --> 00:15:30,757
Once upon a time,
we were walking on four legs.

270
00:15:30,791 --> 00:15:34,519
We had a head
which was smaller

271
00:15:34,554 --> 00:15:39,628
and we had hips
that were larger.

272
00:15:39,662 --> 00:15:43,804
So, the birth channel
was very big.

273
00:15:44,495 --> 00:15:46,704
When the human beings

274
00:15:46,738 --> 00:15:50,777
began to reach
bipedal erect posture,

275
00:15:52,158 --> 00:15:54,746
gradually the bones changed

276
00:15:54,781 --> 00:16:00,028
and the birth channel
became more narrow.

277
00:16:00,062 --> 00:16:03,583
And then
another thing happened.

278
00:16:03,617 --> 00:16:07,000
The brain became larger.

279
00:16:07,035 --> 00:16:11,246
And here,
the obstetrical dilemma came.

280
00:16:11,280 --> 00:16:14,318
How would it be able
that the new human baby

281
00:16:14,352 --> 00:16:18,770
could come out of the womb
with such a big head?

282
00:16:18,805 --> 00:16:21,601
So, if you see
the whole movie again,

283
00:16:21,635 --> 00:16:24,224
thinking of
the obstetrical dilemma,

284
00:16:24,259 --> 00:16:26,088
you will get another picture.

285
00:16:26,123 --> 00:16:28,815
Someone's head
will roll for this!

286
00:16:30,575 --> 00:16:32,025
Yours!

287
00:16:33,268 --> 00:16:36,788
And there is the issue
of cutting the head.

288
00:16:36,823 --> 00:16:38,100
The dream of mothers,

289
00:16:38,135 --> 00:16:40,206
if you can cut
the head of the child,

290
00:16:40,240 --> 00:16:41,517
the child can come out.

291
00:16:41,552 --> 00:16:43,519
Off with their heads!

292
00:16:43,554 --> 00:16:44,624
[ALL CHEERING]

293
00:16:44,658 --> 00:16:47,178
Off with her head!

294
00:16:47,696 --> 00:16:49,560
Off with her...

295
00:16:49,594 --> 00:16:54,668
Slowly, uh, there was
a sort of natural selection

296
00:16:54,703 --> 00:16:56,774
that the women who were able

297
00:16:56,808 --> 00:17:00,260
to deliver earlier survived.

298
00:17:00,295 --> 00:17:02,814
Because if you
delivered earlier,

299
00:17:02,849 --> 00:17:04,782
the baby is smaller.

300
00:17:04,816 --> 00:17:07,888
And if it is smaller,
it can come out.

301
00:17:09,649 --> 00:17:10,995
Monster!

302
00:17:12,134 --> 00:17:13,204
Help!

303
00:17:13,929 --> 00:17:15,586
Ah! I'm late!

304
00:17:15,620 --> 00:17:18,692
Biochemically,
and physiologically,
in so many ways

305
00:17:18,727 --> 00:17:21,695
the human infant is
way behind other mammals.

306
00:17:21,730 --> 00:17:25,182
JANUS: We are all born unripe,

307
00:17:25,216 --> 00:17:26,838
very helpless,

308
00:17:26,873 --> 00:17:31,084
therefore a good bonding
and a welcoming mother

309
00:17:31,119 --> 00:17:34,053
is important for
development of a child.

310
00:17:35,985 --> 00:17:38,022
In earlier centuries,

311
00:17:38,057 --> 00:17:42,475
birth and pregnancy
and the fate of woman

312
00:17:42,509 --> 00:17:45,064
was very, very difficult.

313
00:17:45,098 --> 00:17:49,965
Every sixth birth
meant death for the mother.

314
00:17:49,999 --> 00:17:53,796
Up to one half
of the children

315
00:17:53,831 --> 00:17:57,248
died during birth
or in the first year.

316
00:17:57,283 --> 00:18:01,218
And, therefore,
was an anxiety
from the woman

317
00:18:01,252 --> 00:18:04,876
and from the men,
to all, what birth meant.

318
00:18:05,843 --> 00:18:07,879
In the last 50 years,

319
00:18:07,914 --> 00:18:10,675
birth becomes
safer and safer.

320
00:18:10,710 --> 00:18:14,334
Now we have, uh, the power,

321
00:18:14,369 --> 00:18:18,166
or the stability,
or the safety to confront

322
00:18:18,200 --> 00:18:20,444
and to be curious.

323
00:18:29,280 --> 00:18:30,937
BRENTON:
I started out in the lab

324
00:18:30,971 --> 00:18:34,872
studying very narrow
questions in animal models.

325
00:18:34,906 --> 00:18:37,081
And I quickly realized that

326
00:18:37,116 --> 00:18:39,497
I was interested
in broader questions

327
00:18:39,532 --> 00:18:40,981
that affected human health.

328
00:18:42,328 --> 00:18:43,915
I grew up in
Southern California

329
00:18:43,950 --> 00:18:45,779
and I grew up with
"smog alert" days

330
00:18:45,814 --> 00:18:47,954
and when pollution was
very much defined

331
00:18:47,988 --> 00:18:49,921
by whether or not
we could see the mountains

332
00:18:49,956 --> 00:18:51,578
that were theoretically
really close by.

333
00:18:55,030 --> 00:18:56,135
I grew up in
one of the communities

334
00:18:56,169 --> 00:18:57,412
that we actually study now,

335
00:18:57,446 --> 00:18:59,552
which I always think
is kind of ironic.

336
00:18:59,586 --> 00:19:02,969
And it wasn't until
a little bit later that
the epigenetics came in.

337
00:19:06,145 --> 00:19:09,769
"Epi" really means,
"on top of" genetics.

338
00:19:09,803 --> 00:19:11,874
So, when we think about
our genetic code,

339
00:19:11,909 --> 00:19:13,807
which is our DNA sequence,

340
00:19:13,842 --> 00:19:15,775
when we talk
about epigenetics,

341
00:19:15,809 --> 00:19:19,192
we're thinking about
other factors, other things,

342
00:19:19,227 --> 00:19:24,024
that can be on top of
or attached to that

343
00:19:24,059 --> 00:19:27,752
can help fine-tune
the genetic code to
turn genes on and off.

344
00:19:28,891 --> 00:19:30,583
YEHUDA: This is something

345
00:19:30,617 --> 00:19:35,691
that we're just beginning
to explore, gene by gene.

346
00:19:35,726 --> 00:19:37,728
It's not what genes
you're carrying,

347
00:19:37,762 --> 00:19:39,039
it's what gets expressed.

348
00:19:41,973 --> 00:19:45,218
Genes are, you know,
only the blueprint.

349
00:19:45,253 --> 00:19:47,841
Imagine you have
a blueprint for a house.

350
00:19:47,876 --> 00:19:50,189
You have a house
that you have built,

351
00:19:50,223 --> 00:19:52,501
sort of,
to your own specifications.

352
00:19:52,536 --> 00:19:54,365
And it has
followed the blueprint

353
00:19:54,400 --> 00:19:55,953
in terms of where things are

354
00:19:55,987 --> 00:19:57,437
but a lot of things
have changed

355
00:19:57,472 --> 00:20:02,270
as a result of all kinds
of environmental factors.

356
00:20:02,304 --> 00:20:05,273
Being able to adapt to
a changing environment quickly

357
00:20:05,307 --> 00:20:06,895
is very important.

358
00:20:06,929 --> 00:20:11,451
However, not every
adaptation is necessarily
going to be for the better.

359
00:20:15,075 --> 00:20:17,354
When the sperm
and the egg are forming,

360
00:20:17,388 --> 00:20:18,700
as part of normal development,

361
00:20:18,734 --> 00:20:23,014
there's this period of
erasing past marks, basically,

362
00:20:23,049 --> 00:20:26,984
and re-establishing
the new set of marks for
the future of that cell.

363
00:20:27,018 --> 00:20:30,229
And then this happens again
in early embryogenesis.

364
00:20:30,263 --> 00:20:33,404
In some ways,
wiping the old slate clean

365
00:20:33,439 --> 00:20:37,236
and starting new
for this new fetus,
this new baby.

366
00:20:40,515 --> 00:20:42,033
There is
a whole period of time

367
00:20:42,068 --> 00:20:44,035
during fetal development
where many things,

368
00:20:44,070 --> 00:20:47,211
including just the environment
that the fetus is growing in,

369
00:20:47,246 --> 00:20:49,627
could alter or shift
that process.

370
00:20:52,009 --> 00:20:53,597
YEHUDA: It's fantastic.

371
00:20:53,631 --> 00:20:57,532
Because the idea
of epigenetic changes,

372
00:20:57,566 --> 00:21:01,121
based on exposure
to the environment

373
00:21:01,156 --> 00:21:02,468
at different intervals

374
00:21:03,400 --> 00:21:05,885
really provides
the body with a way

375
00:21:05,919 --> 00:21:09,198
of continuously adapting
to their environment.

376
00:21:09,233 --> 00:21:12,478
Bad environmental events
cause change,

377
00:21:12,512 --> 00:21:15,757
good environmental events
cause change.

378
00:21:15,791 --> 00:21:19,036
And what you gotta do
is just make sure that

379
00:21:19,070 --> 00:21:20,865
you have enough
of the good events.

380
00:21:30,012 --> 00:21:32,083
MATE: I was conceived

381
00:21:32,118 --> 00:21:34,948
during the Second World War
in Budapest, Hungary,

382
00:21:34,983 --> 00:21:36,778
in 1943,

383
00:21:36,812 --> 00:21:40,195
at a time when Hungary,
being an ally of Germany,

384
00:21:40,229 --> 00:21:43,232
uh, was in the war
on Germany's side

385
00:21:43,267 --> 00:21:45,407
and there was a lot of
anti-Semitic legislation,

386
00:21:45,442 --> 00:21:46,926
restrictions and threats.

387
00:21:48,617 --> 00:21:51,275
The genocide
hadn't happened yet.

388
00:21:51,310 --> 00:21:54,278
And then,
I'm born in January, 1944.

389
00:21:54,313 --> 00:21:56,970
And then, the Germans
marched into
the country in March.

390
00:21:57,005 --> 00:21:58,972
March of 1944.

391
00:21:59,007 --> 00:22:01,216
And, as my mother told me,

392
00:22:01,250 --> 00:22:03,563
the next day, she phoned
the pediatrician to say that

393
00:22:03,598 --> 00:22:06,394
Gabor is crying all the time,
you should come and see him.

394
00:22:06,428 --> 00:22:08,810
And the doctor said,
"Sure, I'll come,

395
00:22:08,844 --> 00:22:10,018
"but I should tell you,

396
00:22:10,052 --> 00:22:11,778
"all my Jewish babies
are crying."

397
00:22:15,092 --> 00:22:19,096
It's so clear to me
that the fear that
I've carried all my life,

398
00:22:19,130 --> 00:22:23,825
literally in my molecules,
is my mother's terror,

399
00:22:25,136 --> 00:22:27,553
and then the terror
that I experienced,

400
00:22:27,587 --> 00:22:30,072
during the first year of life
under Nazi occupation.

401
00:22:32,523 --> 00:22:34,732
Those experiences
have stamped my personality,

402
00:22:34,767 --> 00:22:38,598
they've stamped, um,
my reactivity to the world,

403
00:22:38,633 --> 00:22:40,393
they've stamped my worldview,

404
00:22:40,428 --> 00:22:42,533
mostly on
the unconscious level.

405
00:22:42,568 --> 00:22:44,121
I wasn't a happy camper.
I was...

406
00:22:44,155 --> 00:22:45,640
Lot of issues
in my personal life,

407
00:22:45,674 --> 00:22:48,159
a lot of depression, anxiety.

408
00:22:48,194 --> 00:22:52,440
Then I realized in my 50s
that I had ADD.

409
00:22:52,474 --> 00:22:55,822
I clearly see that this
is not a genetic disease,

410
00:22:55,857 --> 00:22:58,480
despite the so-called experts.

411
00:22:58,515 --> 00:23:02,622
Um, it is the impact
of stress in
the early environment.

412
00:23:04,762 --> 00:23:06,039
YEHUDA: When I was in school,

413
00:23:06,074 --> 00:23:09,353
we used to have conversations
about nature versus nurture.

414
00:23:10,078 --> 00:23:11,769
Nobody says that anymore.

415
00:23:11,804 --> 00:23:14,151
We don't have nature here,
and nurture here.

416
00:23:14,185 --> 00:23:17,016
We have nature
and nurture interacting

417
00:23:17,050 --> 00:23:18,983
to form a new thing.

418
00:23:19,018 --> 00:23:21,779
I do research on
post-traumatic stress disorder

419
00:23:21,814 --> 00:23:24,886
and its effects
on trauma survivors

420
00:23:24,920 --> 00:23:27,095
and, actually,
the next generation.

421
00:23:27,992 --> 00:23:30,374
I'm interested
in understanding

422
00:23:30,409 --> 00:23:34,723
individual differences
and how they manifest

423
00:23:34,758 --> 00:23:37,243
interacting with
the environment

424
00:23:37,277 --> 00:23:39,763
and, more specifically,
traumatic events.

425
00:23:41,454 --> 00:23:43,801
We have been doing
studies of

426
00:23:43,836 --> 00:23:46,079
adult children
of Holocaust survivors

427
00:23:46,114 --> 00:23:48,012
and we were finding

428
00:23:48,047 --> 00:23:50,946
very interesting
and important effects.

429
00:23:50,981 --> 00:23:53,501
If the offspring will be
raised in the same context,

430
00:23:53,535 --> 00:23:55,606
their body will need
to be prepared

431
00:23:55,641 --> 00:23:58,506
maybe for prolonged
periods of starvation

432
00:23:58,540 --> 00:24:01,370
or maybe for
overwhelming stress.

433
00:24:01,405 --> 00:24:03,338
So, having a change
that is passed

434
00:24:03,372 --> 00:24:07,584
from mother to offspring
could be very helpful.

435
00:24:07,618 --> 00:24:09,033
Maybe less helpful,

436
00:24:09,068 --> 00:24:10,863
if the offspring
is not gonna live

437
00:24:10,897 --> 00:24:12,451
in the same environment.

438
00:24:12,485 --> 00:24:16,178
An offspring lives
in urban New York

439
00:24:16,213 --> 00:24:18,871
where starvation
is really not an issue,

440
00:24:18,905 --> 00:24:20,735
then having the same kind of

441
00:24:20,769 --> 00:24:23,634
biological adaptations
being transmitted

442
00:24:23,669 --> 00:24:25,912
may actually result
in a flip side

443
00:24:25,947 --> 00:24:27,535
of just being anxious,

444
00:24:27,569 --> 00:24:29,295
and people
not understanding why.

445
00:24:29,329 --> 00:24:31,366
Or even you
not understanding why.

446
00:24:32,678 --> 00:24:34,818
From this
evolutionary perspective,

447
00:24:34,852 --> 00:24:38,511
the fetus gets constructed
via epigenetic processes,

448
00:24:38,546 --> 00:24:39,857
to be awfully alert

449
00:24:39,892 --> 00:24:44,206
because that would be adaptive
in a threatening environment.

450
00:24:44,241 --> 00:24:48,003
But if you were wired
to be very adaptive
and very vigilant,

451
00:24:48,038 --> 00:24:51,075
that's not a good fit
with a postnatal environment

452
00:24:51,110 --> 00:24:54,078
in the late 20th
or early 21st century,

453
00:24:54,113 --> 00:24:58,462
where the requirements for,
you know, success in school

454
00:24:58,497 --> 00:25:01,154
is to be able to
sit very placidly,

455
00:25:01,189 --> 00:25:03,260
to have very unique focus,

456
00:25:03,294 --> 00:25:05,745
to not be oriented to
what's going around.

457
00:25:05,780 --> 00:25:08,265
So, again, it's this bad fit.

458
00:25:08,299 --> 00:25:11,164
MATE: If there's
a lot of stress
in the early environment,

459
00:25:11,199 --> 00:25:12,649
then the infant's capacity

460
00:25:12,683 --> 00:25:15,479
to respond to stress
will be altered.

461
00:25:15,514 --> 00:25:17,964
The tuning out itself,
which is the hallmark of ADD,

462
00:25:17,999 --> 00:25:19,725
is nothing
but a defense mechanism.

463
00:25:19,759 --> 00:25:21,658
Infants, when their brains
are developing,

464
00:25:21,692 --> 00:25:23,211
if there's stress around them,

465
00:25:23,245 --> 00:25:24,971
they'll tune out,
that's how they survive,

466
00:25:25,006 --> 00:25:27,560
the tuning out
gets programed
into their brains...

467
00:25:27,595 --> 00:25:30,149
Bing! They're diagnosed
with ADHD.

468
00:25:30,183 --> 00:25:32,565
Not enough dopamine,
let's give you Ritalin.

469
00:25:32,600 --> 00:25:34,567
[MOROSE MUSIC PLAYING]

470
00:25:59,212 --> 00:26:02,457
MATE: There are 3 millio
kids in the United States,

471
00:26:02,491 --> 00:26:04,183
according to latest figures,

472
00:26:04,217 --> 00:26:06,772
who are taking stimulant
medications for ADHD.

473
00:26:07,635 --> 00:26:08,808
There are 500,000 kids,

474
00:26:08,843 --> 00:26:09,913
according to
the latest statistics,

475
00:26:09,947 --> 00:26:12,087
who are taking
anti-psychotic medications.

476
00:26:13,779 --> 00:26:16,022
They're getting
these medications

477
00:26:16,057 --> 00:26:18,507
not because they're psychotic.

478
00:26:18,542 --> 00:26:20,509
They're getting them because

479
00:26:20,544 --> 00:26:22,339
it's the only way
we can figure out,

480
00:26:22,373 --> 00:26:24,928
when I say "we"
I mean society,

481
00:26:24,962 --> 00:26:26,792
to control their behaviors.

482
00:26:26,826 --> 00:26:28,034
And this is what

483
00:26:28,069 --> 00:26:30,243
the pharmaceutical industry
is able to exploit

484
00:26:30,278 --> 00:26:32,521
in their promotion
of high volume drug use

485
00:26:32,556 --> 00:26:34,489
in their advertisements.

486
00:26:34,523 --> 00:26:37,285
We don't even know what
the long-term effects are

487
00:26:37,319 --> 00:26:39,287
of anti-psychotics
on the developing brain.

488
00:26:39,908 --> 00:26:40,978
And yet we still see

489
00:26:41,013 --> 00:26:42,842
medication advertised
as a quick fix,

490
00:26:42,877 --> 00:26:44,879
endorsed by
the medical profession.

491
00:26:46,915 --> 00:26:49,435
Well, what's going on?

492
00:26:49,469 --> 00:26:52,403
And what's going on
with the burgeoning
diagnosis of ADHD

493
00:26:52,438 --> 00:26:54,060
and opposition
defiant disorder

494
00:26:54,095 --> 00:26:55,855
and bipolar disorder in kids

495
00:26:55,890 --> 00:26:59,859
and autism, which has
gone up 40-fold
in the last 30 years.

496
00:26:59,894 --> 00:27:03,276
What's going on and what
we're not recognizing is that

497
00:27:03,311 --> 00:27:06,970
people are parenting
and conceiving

498
00:27:07,004 --> 00:27:09,420
and carrying
and birthing children

499
00:27:09,455 --> 00:27:11,457
under increasingly
stressed conditions.

500
00:27:20,949 --> 00:27:24,194
HIRSCH: In our society
there's so much rushing.

501
00:27:24,228 --> 00:27:26,748
You're so busy. Everything
going, going, going.

502
00:27:26,783 --> 00:27:29,199
Our mind that's
always busy chattering

503
00:27:29,233 --> 00:27:30,614
and making us stressed.

504
00:27:33,824 --> 00:27:34,963
I was born in Israel.

505
00:27:34,998 --> 00:27:36,585
My mother said
there was a place

506
00:27:36,620 --> 00:27:38,208
where all the mothers went

507
00:27:38,242 --> 00:27:39,968
with their babies
for a few weeks,

508
00:27:40,003 --> 00:27:43,316
then they bonded and then
they all went home together.

509
00:27:43,938 --> 00:27:45,767
We don't have that here.

510
00:27:45,802 --> 00:27:48,943
We barely
get to stay overnight
in the hospital now.

511
00:27:49,909 --> 00:27:52,809
Increasingly, it takes
two people now

512
00:27:52,843 --> 00:27:55,363
to provide a living
in this culture to families.

513
00:27:55,397 --> 00:27:56,571
And they're doing so

514
00:27:56,605 --> 00:27:58,435
in the context
of less support.

515
00:27:58,469 --> 00:28:00,126
Because one of the ravages

516
00:28:00,161 --> 00:28:02,888
of industrialization
and globalization

517
00:28:02,922 --> 00:28:05,511
is the destruction
of the extended family,

518
00:28:05,545 --> 00:28:09,066
the tribe, the clan,
the village, the neighborhood.

519
00:28:11,275 --> 00:28:12,760
MONK: Frankly,
hundreds of years ago,

520
00:28:12,794 --> 00:28:14,520
not to glorify the past,
'cause there were
other stressors,

521
00:28:14,554 --> 00:28:16,936
but you had
extended family around.

522
00:28:16,971 --> 00:28:20,560
I think we don't talk
about that enough
in our society.

523
00:28:20,595 --> 00:28:22,562
So, there's less support,
there's less context,

524
00:28:22,597 --> 00:28:27,188
there's less connection
that people can benefit from.

525
00:28:27,222 --> 00:28:29,638
Less connection
with grandparents,

526
00:28:29,673 --> 00:28:32,020
elders, wiser women.

527
00:28:37,025 --> 00:28:39,303
MONK: We started by saying,

528
00:28:39,338 --> 00:28:41,271
"Let's try to bring
this into the lab

529
00:28:41,305 --> 00:28:43,307
"and get pregnant women to,

530
00:28:43,342 --> 00:28:46,172
"what we call acutely,
briefly feel stress."

531
00:28:47,553 --> 00:28:50,936
And when we divided
the fetal response,

532
00:28:50,970 --> 00:28:53,248
the fetuses whose mothers
were high-anxious

533
00:28:53,283 --> 00:28:55,009
had a heart rate increase.

534
00:28:55,043 --> 00:28:57,218
And the fetuses of mothers
who were low-anxious,

535
00:28:57,252 --> 00:28:59,013
either had no change
or a decrease.

536
00:29:00,186 --> 00:29:01,222
And then, what we saw is

537
00:29:01,256 --> 00:29:03,155
if you go all the way out
to women

538
00:29:03,189 --> 00:29:05,329
reaching criteria
for depression,

539
00:29:05,364 --> 00:29:08,988
their fetuses have
a significant stress
response in the lab.

540
00:29:09,023 --> 00:29:10,679
Your breathing goes up,
your blood pressure goes up,

541
00:29:10,714 --> 00:29:12,474
and your heart rate
is going up.

542
00:29:12,509 --> 00:29:14,200
That's all stimuli
to the fetus.

543
00:29:15,926 --> 00:29:18,446
So, over the course
of pregnancy,

544
00:29:18,480 --> 00:29:21,035
being in an environment
of a woman

545
00:29:21,069 --> 00:29:23,692
who is seriously depressed,

546
00:29:23,727 --> 00:29:26,212
is different than being in
an environment of a woman

547
00:29:26,247 --> 00:29:29,595
who is feeling fine.
No symptoms.

548
00:29:29,629 --> 00:29:31,977
And that shapes fetuses

549
00:29:32,011 --> 00:29:33,564
so that by
the end of pregnancy,

550
00:29:33,599 --> 00:29:36,533
when they get a stimuli,
like the heart rate change,

551
00:29:36,567 --> 00:29:38,466
they're showing
differences almost,

552
00:29:38,500 --> 00:29:39,950
we want to say,
in temperament.

553
00:29:39,985 --> 00:29:41,262
In their reactivity style.

554
00:29:41,296 --> 00:29:44,023
Big reactors, or just calm.

555
00:29:53,861 --> 00:29:56,070
MATE: Emotiona
states aren't just

556
00:29:56,104 --> 00:30:00,039
abstract psychological
experiences.

557
00:30:00,074 --> 00:30:03,905
They have their physiological
correlates in the body.

558
00:30:03,940 --> 00:30:06,666
So, if I were to
scream at you right now,

559
00:30:06,701 --> 00:30:09,359
your body would change
in a split second.

560
00:30:10,291 --> 00:30:11,844
Nobody touched you,

561
00:30:11,879 --> 00:30:13,535
nobody put any poison
into you,

562
00:30:13,570 --> 00:30:16,297
but your body would be
in a completely altered state.

563
00:30:16,331 --> 00:30:19,369
High levels of cortisol,
the stress hormone,

564
00:30:19,403 --> 00:30:21,474
would be elevating
your blood sugar

565
00:30:21,509 --> 00:30:25,168
so that you could fight
or have more energy to escape.

566
00:30:25,202 --> 00:30:28,205
Adrenaline would be
pumping through your system,

567
00:30:28,240 --> 00:30:30,000
causing your heart
to beat faster,

568
00:30:30,035 --> 00:30:32,278
causing your muscles
to tighten up, to be stronger,

569
00:30:32,313 --> 00:30:33,693
giving you more energy,

570
00:30:33,728 --> 00:30:36,800
enabling you
to escape or to struggle.

571
00:30:36,835 --> 00:30:38,664
And what if
you're carrying a baby?

572
00:30:40,114 --> 00:30:41,736
And what if you're
chronically scared?

573
00:30:41,770 --> 00:30:43,462
Those same stress hormones

574
00:30:44,532 --> 00:30:46,327
and other compounds

575
00:30:46,361 --> 00:30:49,088
would be going through
the placenta, to the infant.

576
00:30:49,123 --> 00:30:51,401
[INDISTINCT SHOUTING]

577
00:30:53,610 --> 00:30:54,991
[GLASS SHATTERS]

578
00:30:57,200 --> 00:30:59,064
[SIREN WAILING]

579
00:31:02,930 --> 00:31:04,586
MATE:
Already back in the 1970s,

580
00:31:04,621 --> 00:31:06,934
there was a CTV documentary

581
00:31:06,968 --> 00:31:11,145
on how emotional deprivation
in early childhood

582
00:31:11,179 --> 00:31:14,320
fosters the development
of violence and aggression.

583
00:31:14,355 --> 00:31:16,460
Psychologists proved
the inverse relationship

584
00:31:16,495 --> 00:31:17,703
of violence and affection

585
00:31:17,737 --> 00:31:19,705
by studying what happens
to monkeys

586
00:31:19,739 --> 00:31:21,258
who don't get any mothering.

587
00:31:21,293 --> 00:31:22,708
Parents who are stressed

588
00:31:22,742 --> 00:31:24,952
have been shown
not to be able to be

589
00:31:24,986 --> 00:31:27,126
as attuned to their
infants and children

590
00:31:27,161 --> 00:31:28,334
as parents
who are not stressed.

591
00:31:28,369 --> 00:31:29,784
Not their fault.

592
00:31:29,818 --> 00:31:31,751
Not because
they don't love the child.

593
00:31:31,786 --> 00:31:34,306
Not because they're not
dedicated, devoted, committed.

594
00:31:34,340 --> 00:31:37,447
Simply because
the stress effect

595
00:31:37,481 --> 00:31:41,209
impedes their ability,
not to love their child,

596
00:31:41,244 --> 00:31:43,936
but to attune
with their child.

597
00:31:43,971 --> 00:31:46,318
So, that mutual responsiveness
is interfered with.

598
00:31:46,352 --> 00:31:48,009
And that has an impact
on brain development.

599
00:31:49,631 --> 00:31:51,564
There's an important
chemical called dopamine.

600
00:31:51,599 --> 00:31:54,257
Dopamine is essential
for motivation and attention.

601
00:31:54,291 --> 00:31:55,741
Now you take infant monkeys

602
00:31:55,775 --> 00:31:57,294
and you measure
their dopamine levels

603
00:31:57,329 --> 00:31:58,778
in the front part
of the brain,

604
00:32:00,263 --> 00:32:01,816
and you find it to be normal.

605
00:32:01,850 --> 00:32:03,438
Separate them
from their mothers?

606
00:32:03,473 --> 00:32:05,854
Those dopamine levels
have diminished.

607
00:32:05,889 --> 00:32:08,409
In other words, the child's
brain chemistry is affected

608
00:32:08,443 --> 00:32:09,997
by the unavailability
of the mother.

609
00:32:10,031 --> 00:32:13,103
And this is true
even if the mother
is physically there

610
00:32:13,138 --> 00:32:14,587
but emotionally absent.

611
00:32:14,622 --> 00:32:16,624
Imagine two tuning forks,

612
00:32:16,658 --> 00:32:19,903
like in this very famous
"Still Face Experiment".

613
00:32:19,938 --> 00:32:25,150
The mother is one tuning fork
and it starts vibrating.

614
00:32:25,184 --> 00:32:26,910
And the baby's tuning fork

615
00:32:26,945 --> 00:32:30,949
begins to vibrate
in unison with hers.

616
00:32:30,983 --> 00:32:32,502
And when that happens,

617
00:32:32,536 --> 00:32:37,231
gradually, its own
prefrontal cortex gets tuned.

618
00:32:37,265 --> 00:32:39,785
So, it becomes empathic.

619
00:32:39,819 --> 00:32:42,753
It begins to relate
to the mother.

620
00:32:42,788 --> 00:32:44,445
Infants don't
understand words.

621
00:32:45,825 --> 00:32:47,827
So, they respond
to body language.

622
00:32:49,174 --> 00:32:51,659
So, is my mother rigid?
Or relaxed?

623
00:32:52,763 --> 00:32:54,662
Is she afraid?
Because if she's afraid, I am,

624
00:32:54,696 --> 00:32:56,802
because she's my protector.

625
00:32:56,836 --> 00:32:59,529
So, if she's afraid,
who's going to protect me?

626
00:32:59,563 --> 00:33:01,048
The size of
the mother's pupils,

627
00:33:01,082 --> 00:33:02,670
the mother's voice,

628
00:33:02,704 --> 00:33:05,984
is it confident and relaxed,
or is it tense?

629
00:33:06,915 --> 00:33:08,607
These are not
conscious thoughts,

630
00:33:08,641 --> 00:33:10,333
but this is
the infant's experience.

631
00:33:10,367 --> 00:33:12,024
Depressed mothers,

632
00:33:12,059 --> 00:33:16,304
or even worse, um,
schizophrenic mothers.

633
00:33:16,339 --> 00:33:18,168
They are not in synchrony.

634
00:33:18,203 --> 00:33:20,205
The baby is
getting the message

635
00:33:20,239 --> 00:33:22,483
that there's
something wrong with it.

636
00:33:22,517 --> 00:33:23,898
Its prefrontal cortex

637
00:33:23,932 --> 00:33:26,556
is not going to be
tuned properly.

638
00:33:26,590 --> 00:33:28,523
So, that baby
is going to develop

639
00:33:28,558 --> 00:33:30,939
a kind of
depressive personality.

640
00:33:31,664 --> 00:33:34,598
Okay... [CRYING]

641
00:33:36,600 --> 00:33:40,259
I am here.
And what are you doing?

642
00:33:40,880 --> 00:33:42,641
Oh, yes. Oh!

643
00:33:42,675 --> 00:33:43,883
CTV REPORTER:
The monkeys tell us more

644
00:33:43,918 --> 00:33:46,886
about the severe effects
of infant deprivation.

645
00:33:46,921 --> 00:33:48,578
The ones that were
reared in isolation

646
00:33:48,612 --> 00:33:49,993
just don't behave normally

647
00:33:50,028 --> 00:33:51,788
when they're
finally given a playmate.

648
00:33:51,822 --> 00:33:54,411
They rarely touch,
and when they do,

649
00:33:54,446 --> 00:33:56,586
the contact's
surprisingly vicious.

650
00:33:59,520 --> 00:34:02,109
VERNY: Children who are
emotionally inhibited

651
00:34:02,143 --> 00:34:04,421
will become
dysfunctional adults.

652
00:34:04,456 --> 00:34:06,458
They will have
difficulty learning

653
00:34:06,492 --> 00:34:08,563
and will be more hostile.

654
00:34:08,598 --> 00:34:11,118
And that starts
right in the womb.

655
00:34:14,638 --> 00:34:17,848
When the brain begins
to be organized,

656
00:34:17,883 --> 00:34:21,128
um, genetically speaking,

657
00:34:21,162 --> 00:34:25,718
each neuron is destined
for a certain place

658
00:34:25,753 --> 00:34:27,789
where it will
eventually end up.

659
00:34:29,964 --> 00:34:31,828
THOMASON: Neurons, brain cells

660
00:34:31,862 --> 00:34:34,831
are the information
processing units
of the brain

661
00:34:34,865 --> 00:34:37,489
and they make connections

662
00:34:37,523 --> 00:34:42,287
and they organize themselves
into functional networks.

663
00:34:43,219 --> 00:34:45,945
In every second
of prenatal life,

664
00:34:45,980 --> 00:34:49,846
50,000 new neurons
are being produced.

665
00:34:49,880 --> 00:34:51,675
Every second.

666
00:34:51,710 --> 00:34:54,989
There is not a machine
in the world that
can duplicate that.

667
00:35:02,583 --> 00:35:05,586
And when you have
all those neurons
being produced,

668
00:35:05,620 --> 00:35:08,968
they are very vulnerable.

669
00:35:09,003 --> 00:35:11,454
And the smallest,
smallest influence

670
00:35:11,488 --> 00:35:14,353
will make a huge
sort of imprint

671
00:35:14,388 --> 00:35:17,115
on those neurons
and the neural circuits.

672
00:35:18,495 --> 00:35:20,566
If there is chronic stress,

673
00:35:20,601 --> 00:35:23,914
the woman is constantly
obsessing about something,

674
00:35:23,949 --> 00:35:25,502
or worrying about something,

675
00:35:25,537 --> 00:35:28,471
more and more stress hormones,
like cortisone,

676
00:35:28,505 --> 00:35:31,819
is being pushed
into the blood stream.

677
00:35:31,853 --> 00:35:35,754
When you have too much
cortisone in the brain itself,

678
00:35:35,788 --> 00:35:38,998
then the nerve cells
will be interfered with

679
00:35:39,033 --> 00:35:42,726
in their passage and
they may even be destroyed.

680
00:35:44,901 --> 00:35:46,834
We were the first
or amongst the first

681
00:35:46,868 --> 00:35:50,424
to glimpse inside
at the brain
becoming wired up.

682
00:35:51,528 --> 00:35:53,668
With this new, safe
MRI technology,

683
00:35:53,703 --> 00:35:56,913
we're observing
large-scale systems.

684
00:35:56,947 --> 00:36:00,227
What we see in infants
exposed to stress in utero

685
00:36:00,261 --> 00:36:03,644
is reduced brain volume,
reduced gray matter density.

686
00:36:03,678 --> 00:36:06,992
So, if you are less dense
in those regions,

687
00:36:07,026 --> 00:36:10,409
that suggests that there are
less processors available.

688
00:36:10,444 --> 00:36:15,725
We also see reductions
in hippocampal volume,

689
00:36:15,759 --> 00:36:18,762
and increase
in amygdala volume.

690
00:36:18,797 --> 00:36:21,593
The hippocampus
is critically important
for learning and memory.

691
00:36:21,627 --> 00:36:24,768
The amygdala is very important
for emotional processing,

692
00:36:24,803 --> 00:36:27,185
responding to
emotional information.

693
00:36:28,358 --> 00:36:29,566
And why we think those are

694
00:36:29,601 --> 00:36:32,535
particularly important
during fetal development is,

695
00:36:32,569 --> 00:36:35,331
first of all, they begin
to be developed very early.

696
00:36:35,365 --> 00:36:37,505
Disruption in those areas

697
00:36:37,540 --> 00:36:39,266
is also associated
with higher risk

698
00:36:39,300 --> 00:36:43,546
for emotional psychopathology
or neuropsychiatric illness.

699
00:36:45,755 --> 00:36:47,135
VERNY: If the mother is upset,

700
00:36:47,170 --> 00:36:49,931
if she has a very high level
of neurohormones,

701
00:36:49,966 --> 00:36:52,727
if she has very high level
of stress hormones,

702
00:36:52,762 --> 00:36:54,660
all of those things
will be passed to the baby.

703
00:36:57,836 --> 00:37:00,666
BAIL: There are
all kinds of feelings
coming from the mother.

704
00:37:02,116 --> 00:37:04,394
All kinds. Anxieties.

705
00:37:06,569 --> 00:37:11,090
Depression. Fears.
About everything.

706
00:37:11,125 --> 00:37:13,369
WEINER: Let's be clear
Mothers love their children.

707
00:37:13,403 --> 00:37:15,094
So do fathers.

708
00:37:15,129 --> 00:37:19,167
But there are these subtle
unconscious things, see,

709
00:37:19,202 --> 00:37:21,722
that this mother
is dealing with in her life.

710
00:37:21,756 --> 00:37:24,172
Say, she may be
in a tough marriage,

711
00:37:24,207 --> 00:37:26,347
but she gets pregnant.

712
00:37:26,382 --> 00:37:29,108
Well, part of her
may want the baby,

713
00:37:29,143 --> 00:37:30,627
and part of her
may really say,

714
00:37:30,662 --> 00:37:33,527
"Gee, this is not
a good time for a baby.

715
00:37:33,561 --> 00:37:36,219
"In fact, this is
gonna be very hard."

716
00:37:36,254 --> 00:37:39,187
And a baby may get
a lot of that.

717
00:37:40,982 --> 00:37:45,504
That little bit of stuff
is feeling all of that,

718
00:37:45,539 --> 00:37:49,853
without any way
of communicating.

719
00:37:51,061 --> 00:37:54,099
It just absorbs.
It just holds it.

720
00:37:55,652 --> 00:37:58,241
And that's what it gets
for nine months.

721
00:37:58,276 --> 00:38:02,728
What comes to mind
is the, um, confusion,

722
00:38:04,420 --> 00:38:07,388
if you can speak
of that in a fetus,

723
00:38:08,458 --> 00:38:10,495
um, a developing human being,

724
00:38:14,464 --> 00:38:17,778
whose mother
is conflicted,

725
00:38:20,194 --> 00:38:23,853
who wants the child
perhaps but is afraid
of having a child,

726
00:38:23,887 --> 00:38:25,889
who wants to love but is

727
00:38:27,166 --> 00:38:30,998
herself very afraid
and very stressed.

728
00:38:32,827 --> 00:38:33,897
So, the kid is getting

729
00:38:33,932 --> 00:38:36,762
a very confusing message
about the world.

730
00:38:36,797 --> 00:38:39,455
That "this world wants me,
this world doesn't want me."

731
00:38:40,628 --> 00:38:42,078
[BREATHING HEAVILY]

732
00:38:44,667 --> 00:38:45,771
[HISSING]

733
00:38:45,806 --> 00:38:47,014
[WOMAN GROANS]

734
00:38:48,360 --> 00:38:49,913
MAN: Hold! Hold!

735
00:38:49,948 --> 00:38:51,259
RIPLEY: [GROANS] Please!

736
00:38:51,570 --> 00:38:52,606
Hold!

737
00:38:53,952 --> 00:38:55,194
Help me!

738
00:39:03,582 --> 00:39:04,687
No!

739
00:39:04,721 --> 00:39:05,860
No!

740
00:39:05,895 --> 00:39:07,241
The Alienfilms

741
00:39:07,275 --> 00:39:13,420
show the very difficult side
of pregnancy and birth,

742
00:39:13,454 --> 00:39:17,631
the side that the mother
does not want to be pregnant,

743
00:39:17,665 --> 00:39:22,256
does not want to have a child,
but the child is coming,

744
00:39:22,290 --> 00:39:25,673
the child is there,
the child wants to live.

745
00:39:27,399 --> 00:39:30,368
This is the story
of theAlien films.

746
00:39:30,402 --> 00:39:33,267
This alien
is an embryonic being

747
00:39:33,301 --> 00:39:38,272
that wants to implant
in the persons of the crew.

748
00:39:42,241 --> 00:39:47,039
And the film is always
about this unwantedness

749
00:39:47,074 --> 00:39:49,904
and this will to live.

750
00:39:49,939 --> 00:39:51,596
It's a dark film.

751
00:39:51,630 --> 00:39:54,150
It is, in a certain way,
hopeless,

752
00:39:54,909 --> 00:39:58,085
and as a very melancholic film

753
00:39:58,119 --> 00:40:00,190
or a depressive film.

754
00:40:00,225 --> 00:40:03,055
But for people who
have this background

755
00:40:03,090 --> 00:40:05,472
that they were not wanted,

756
00:40:05,506 --> 00:40:08,854
and had to implant
in spite of this,

757
00:40:08,889 --> 00:40:11,581
it is, in a certain way,
fascinating.

758
00:40:11,616 --> 00:40:12,720
ASH: Don't touch it!

759
00:40:16,275 --> 00:40:17,415
[MONSTROUS CRY]

760
00:40:19,071 --> 00:40:22,558
This is a typical cult film.

761
00:40:22,592 --> 00:40:29,012
There are many
people who see, um,
several times this film

762
00:40:29,047 --> 00:40:32,326
to clear their own feelings

763
00:40:32,360 --> 00:40:34,742
about wantedness
and unwantedness.

764
00:40:39,885 --> 00:40:43,820
MONK: I do worry about
this kind of research

765
00:40:43,855 --> 00:40:47,617
getting lumped with research
that has a political agenda,

766
00:40:47,652 --> 00:40:50,275
which is the personhood
of the fetus.

767
00:40:50,309 --> 00:40:56,350
Because that's a wholly
different question,
and it's what data is used,

768
00:40:56,384 --> 00:41:01,320
in my opinion,
for the discussion
about the right to choose.

769
00:41:02,356 --> 00:41:04,289
So I think, also people
may a little bit,

770
00:41:04,323 --> 00:41:05,497
shy away from this

771
00:41:05,532 --> 00:41:07,879
because that is such
a fraught debate.

772
00:41:10,709 --> 00:41:14,541
It is an inconvenient truth
that fetuses feel things.

773
00:41:14,575 --> 00:41:17,578
It is just inconvenient.

774
00:41:17,613 --> 00:41:23,308
Um, because if they do,
then many things
have to be rethought.

775
00:41:25,413 --> 00:41:30,453
It makes no sense for
a girl to have a baby
she does not want.

776
00:41:30,488 --> 00:41:31,799
If she is forced,

777
00:41:31,834 --> 00:41:35,147
that means misery
for a whole life

778
00:41:35,182 --> 00:41:37,633
for her and for the child.

779
00:41:37,667 --> 00:41:40,083
It's a very difficult issue.

780
00:41:40,118 --> 00:41:43,535
And if she has not the right,
she takes the right.

781
00:41:43,570 --> 00:41:47,263
I think eventually,
maybe in 100 years,

782
00:41:47,297 --> 00:41:50,473
maybe not that long,
I would say the goal would be

783
00:41:50,508 --> 00:41:54,512
"let's get women and men
in such a good place,

784
00:41:54,546 --> 00:41:59,102
"that they come to realize
that bringing another soul
into this world

785
00:42:00,069 --> 00:42:01,415
"is a very big job."

786
00:42:13,116 --> 00:42:14,877
BAIL: I'm 92 years old,

787
00:42:14,911 --> 00:42:19,847
and I've been
practicing psychoanalysis
for almost 60 years.

788
00:42:21,573 --> 00:42:23,471
It was the war.

789
00:42:23,506 --> 00:42:28,200
My being in the war and
what happened to me in the war

790
00:42:28,235 --> 00:42:33,102
that decided me
to become a doctor.

791
00:42:34,552 --> 00:42:38,245
I wanted to heal people,
not kill people.

792
00:42:39,626 --> 00:42:42,698
My training finished in '58.

793
00:42:42,732 --> 00:42:49,083
At that time, analysis didn't
teach anything about the womb,

794
00:42:49,118 --> 00:42:52,915
didn't teach anything
about prenatal life.

795
00:42:52,949 --> 00:42:58,161
The paradigm in analysis
was the masculine paradigm,

796
00:42:58,196 --> 00:43:01,061
with Freud,
and the Oedipal struggle.

797
00:43:02,165 --> 00:43:06,549
In doing my work,
I discovered that patients,

798
00:43:06,584 --> 00:43:10,449
when I listened,
were coming forth
with a different story.

799
00:43:12,659 --> 00:43:15,765
They felt very guilty
about their mothers,

800
00:43:15,800 --> 00:43:18,492
and they were feeling
they had to,

801
00:43:19,804 --> 00:43:23,566
put in a global sense,
rescue their mothers.

802
00:43:24,671 --> 00:43:26,638
Now nobody is
born like that.

803
00:43:26,673 --> 00:43:28,398
That's programed into people

804
00:43:28,433 --> 00:43:33,334
when their environment
is such that parents can't
take care of themselves.

805
00:43:33,369 --> 00:43:34,922
So one possible response

806
00:43:34,957 --> 00:43:36,821
on the part
of the child then is,

807
00:43:36,855 --> 00:43:40,307
"Then I got to take care
of them in order to maintain
my relationship with them."

808
00:43:41,101 --> 00:43:42,585
It's a survival thing.

809
00:43:42,620 --> 00:43:45,553
Once you're in that state,
whatever mom says goes,

810
00:43:45,588 --> 00:43:50,075
"I'll do anything.
I have to live,
I'll do anything.

811
00:43:50,110 --> 00:43:52,043
"So whatever
you need me to do,

812
00:43:52,077 --> 00:43:55,011
"do you need me to hold
all of your bad feelings?

813
00:43:55,046 --> 00:43:56,357
"I'll do it."

814
00:43:56,392 --> 00:43:58,290
Now, an infant
can't really do it,

815
00:43:58,325 --> 00:44:02,640
but there's an omnipotent
attempt to fix it

816
00:44:02,674 --> 00:44:04,987
because your life
depends on it.

817
00:44:05,021 --> 00:44:09,232
Later, that fetus growing up,
may become a writer,

818
00:44:10,820 --> 00:44:12,891
and write these stories,

819
00:44:12,926 --> 00:44:16,930
and may not know where
that inspiration comes from.

820
00:44:16,964 --> 00:44:19,035
Like the story of Superman.

821
00:44:19,070 --> 00:44:20,071
[SCREAMING]

822
00:44:21,935 --> 00:44:23,074
Okay, hold it,
come on, hold it!

823
00:44:23,108 --> 00:44:24,420
Get back.[SHRIEKS]

824
00:44:25,179 --> 00:44:26,629
WEINER: If you think,

825
00:44:26,664 --> 00:44:32,083
"I am a fetus,
and I'm to take care of
a full-grown woman's problems.

826
00:44:32,980 --> 00:44:34,464
"How?

827
00:44:34,499 --> 00:44:37,571
"Well, I better become
a superhero.

828
00:44:37,605 --> 00:44:40,539
"I better become
the strongest person on Earth.

829
00:44:40,574 --> 00:44:42,196
"I better be able to fly,

830
00:44:42,231 --> 00:44:45,372
"I better be able to leap
tall buildings
in a single bound,

831
00:44:45,406 --> 00:44:48,409
"and really do what?
Save her."

832
00:44:48,444 --> 00:44:49,687
What was that?

833
00:44:51,758 --> 00:44:53,276
Easy, Miss, I've got you.

834
00:44:53,311 --> 00:44:55,209
You've got me?

835
00:44:55,244 --> 00:44:56,348
Who's got you?

836
00:44:57,971 --> 00:45:01,215
WEINER: If you look at
movies about superheroes,

837
00:45:01,250 --> 00:45:04,943
really the task of an infant,
is a superhero task.

838
00:45:08,498 --> 00:45:13,400
Supermanis partly a story
of my helplessness

839
00:45:13,434 --> 00:45:15,782
during or after birth.

840
00:45:15,816 --> 00:45:19,647
My aloneness and my fantasies

841
00:45:19,682 --> 00:45:23,651
to be strong and
the strongest man
in the world.

842
00:45:27,241 --> 00:45:30,348
WEINER: Now, thi
does damage to the baby.

843
00:45:30,382 --> 00:45:32,039
Because, really,
if you think about it,

844
00:45:32,074 --> 00:45:36,803
how is a fetus supposed
to take over for a mommy?

845
00:45:36,837 --> 00:45:39,564
How is a fetus supposed
to take all of this trouble?

846
00:45:39,598 --> 00:45:42,878
The fetus can't.
There's no way.

847
00:45:42,912 --> 00:45:46,191
The child automatically
adjusts to the environment

848
00:45:46,226 --> 00:45:49,677
in any way that'll
further the chances
of its own survival.

849
00:45:49,712 --> 00:45:51,956
The baby has to
become the mother,

850
00:45:51,990 --> 00:45:53,751
doesn't get to be the baby.

851
00:45:53,785 --> 00:45:55,856
And if the baby
can't be the baby,

852
00:45:55,891 --> 00:46:01,344
the baby can't develop
his or her full potential.

853
00:46:01,379 --> 00:46:04,762
And again, it's not according
to the intentions
of the parent, either.

854
00:46:05,659 --> 00:46:08,420
But it's just what happens.

855
00:46:08,455 --> 00:46:12,666
WEINER: So now we have
a baby that has limitations,
but is going to protect those

856
00:46:12,700 --> 00:46:15,255
because, really,
those were set up so early,

857
00:46:15,289 --> 00:46:17,429
and they were set up
to save this baby's life.

858
00:46:20,018 --> 00:46:22,849
MATE: These people then
develop lifelong patterns
of self-suppression,

859
00:46:22,883 --> 00:46:25,368
which then suppresses
the immune system as well,

860
00:46:25,403 --> 00:46:29,096
because the immune system
and the emotional system
are the same.

861
00:46:29,787 --> 00:46:31,547
Not even controversial.

862
00:46:31,581 --> 00:46:33,307
What will happen
later on in life,

863
00:46:33,342 --> 00:46:38,381
is that anything
that challenges
these basic limitations

864
00:46:38,416 --> 00:46:42,730
that were set down,
a grown person
will fight against.

865
00:46:42,765 --> 00:46:44,732
MATE: Because they fel
responsible for their world.

866
00:46:44,767 --> 00:46:46,355
"Well, if this thing
happened to me,

867
00:46:46,389 --> 00:46:48,046
"it's because
I'm a terrible person.

868
00:46:48,081 --> 00:46:51,739
"And therefore,
how do I make sure
it never happens again?

869
00:46:51,774 --> 00:46:55,640
"I become the perfect person,
so I'll be good all the time.

870
00:46:55,674 --> 00:46:57,573
"I'll be good to everybody.

871
00:46:57,607 --> 00:46:59,644
"I'm going to be
the best in the class.

872
00:46:59,678 --> 00:47:01,646
"And I'll always excel.

873
00:47:01,680 --> 00:47:04,269
"I'm going to be
great at my job.

874
00:47:04,304 --> 00:47:06,513
"And when stuff goes wrong
with my marriage,

875
00:47:06,547 --> 00:47:10,551
"I'm not going to say a word,
because I'm good and
I can handle it all."

876
00:47:10,586 --> 00:47:12,484
And then they get cancer.

877
00:47:12,519 --> 00:47:18,283
An adult trauma
is really a fetal trauma.

878
00:47:18,318 --> 00:47:22,701
The fetus feels the pain,
and all the consequences,

879
00:47:22,736 --> 00:47:30,054
all the distortions of
personality create an entity
I call the internal saboteur.

880
00:47:30,088 --> 00:47:32,608
It's the job
of that internal saboteur,

881
00:47:32,642 --> 00:47:39,235
to see to it you never ever
experience that pain again.

882
00:47:39,270 --> 00:47:43,446
People will talk about this
all the time. They say,
"I self-sabotage."

883
00:47:43,481 --> 00:47:48,175
And I think that's
a very well-known idea
in our society.

884
00:47:48,210 --> 00:47:50,591
I think people don't
realize the depth of it.

885
00:47:50,626 --> 00:47:55,217
I think they don't realize
how true it really is,
and what they're really doing.

886
00:47:55,251 --> 00:47:57,598
And what people
are really doing is saying,

887
00:47:57,633 --> 00:48:01,499
"Mom, you gave me
this constellation of trouble,

888
00:48:01,533 --> 00:48:03,570
"I took it into
my personality.

889
00:48:03,604 --> 00:48:07,263
"It's set down the limits
for what I was going
to be able to do,

890
00:48:07,298 --> 00:48:09,576
"but it kept me alive.

891
00:48:09,610 --> 00:48:14,477
"I will hold onto this with
every bit of strength I have."

892
00:48:14,512 --> 00:48:16,307
[CELL PHONE RINGING][INDISTINCT CHATTER]

893
00:48:24,177 --> 00:48:25,143
[FOOTSTEPS]

894
00:48:28,353 --> 00:48:29,320
[CAR DOOR CLOSING]

895
00:48:32,599 --> 00:48:36,154
Underneath everything
in your life,
there's that thing.

896
00:48:36,189 --> 00:48:38,122
That empty-forever-empty.

897
00:48:38,156 --> 00:48:40,158
You know what
I'm talking about?

898
00:48:40,193 --> 00:48:41,435
Yes.Yes.

899
00:48:41,470 --> 00:48:43,058
Yes, I...Yes.

900
00:48:43,092 --> 00:48:45,957
The capacity to be alone,
and to perceive,

901
00:48:45,992 --> 00:48:48,201
that's been a human
challenge, I think,

902
00:48:48,235 --> 00:48:50,099
for thousands of years.

903
00:48:50,134 --> 00:48:51,963
And not just in this society.

904
00:48:51,998 --> 00:48:54,932
It's just more difficult now
because it's more pervasive

905
00:48:54,966 --> 00:48:56,692
and because we all have
these devices.

906
00:48:56,726 --> 00:48:59,522
And that famous clip
with Louis CK,

907
00:48:59,557 --> 00:49:01,076
he's talking
about cell phones.

908
00:49:01,110 --> 00:49:03,388
And sometimes,
when things clear away,

909
00:49:03,423 --> 00:49:05,770
you're not watching it,
and you're in your car

910
00:49:05,804 --> 00:49:09,774
and you start going,
"Oh, no, here it comes."
That "I'm alone."

911
00:49:09,808 --> 00:49:11,810
Like, it starts
to visit on you.

912
00:49:11,845 --> 00:49:13,812
Just this sadness. Yes.

913
00:49:13,847 --> 00:49:17,955
Life is tremendously sad,
just by being in it.

914
00:49:17,989 --> 00:49:20,785
And so you're driving
and you go, "Ah."

915
00:49:20,819 --> 00:49:22,097
That's why we text and drive.

916
00:49:22,131 --> 00:49:25,065
I look around pretty much 100%
of people driving are texting.

917
00:49:25,100 --> 00:49:26,515
Yes.

918
00:49:26,549 --> 00:49:29,380
And they're killing...
Everybody is murdering
each other with their cars.

919
00:49:29,414 --> 00:49:33,349
But people are willing
to risk taking a life
and ruining their own

920
00:49:33,384 --> 00:49:36,076
because they don't
want to be alone
for a second.

921
00:49:36,111 --> 00:49:40,874
By not being alone,
you never really get a chance
to think about yourself.

922
00:49:40,908 --> 00:49:45,051
So this is a wonderful way
of anesthetizing yourself

923
00:49:45,085 --> 00:49:48,571
against any
kind of introspection.

924
00:49:48,606 --> 00:49:52,023
There used to be television
and movies and radio.

925
00:49:52,058 --> 00:49:55,820
And in terms of today's
favorite anesthetic,

926
00:49:55,854 --> 00:49:59,099
I would say
it's probably Facebook
and the reality shows,

927
00:49:59,134 --> 00:50:04,035
and all those game things,
and then of course,
there's pornography.

928
00:50:04,070 --> 00:50:06,831
So instead of coming to terms

929
00:50:06,865 --> 00:50:11,422
with my lack of
ability to love or
to care or to feel,

930
00:50:11,456 --> 00:50:13,458
you can do
all this other stuff.

931
00:50:14,528 --> 00:50:16,151
BAIL: One is frantic,

932
00:50:17,876 --> 00:50:22,122
one will try anything
to relieve the pain.

933
00:50:23,158 --> 00:50:27,507
We can measure it
by the number of people

934
00:50:27,541 --> 00:50:30,682
who are addicted
to various things.

935
00:50:30,717 --> 00:50:34,617
Addicted to drugs,
addicted to alcohol,

936
00:50:34,652 --> 00:50:38,207
addicted to sex,
addicted to power,

937
00:50:38,242 --> 00:50:39,312
addicted to money.

938
00:50:40,451 --> 00:50:43,419
The addictions run
and run and run and run.

939
00:50:43,454 --> 00:50:47,147
If you look at addicts,
and by the way,
not just drug addicts,

940
00:50:47,182 --> 00:50:48,597
but any addict.

941
00:50:48,631 --> 00:50:52,497
Gambling, sex addiction,
shopping addicts,

942
00:50:52,532 --> 00:50:57,468
what's missing
is a sufficient activation,

943
00:50:57,502 --> 00:51:02,576
in part, of the brain's
reward motivation circuitry,

944
00:51:02,611 --> 00:51:05,683
of which dopamine is
an important driver,
biochemically.

945
00:51:05,717 --> 00:51:07,719
Cocaine elevates
dopamine levels.

946
00:51:07,754 --> 00:51:09,756
Nicotine elevates
dopamine levels.

947
00:51:11,792 --> 00:51:14,312
Um, caffeine elevates
dopamine levels.

948
00:51:16,003 --> 00:51:17,522
So people whose
early development

949
00:51:17,557 --> 00:51:21,802
sabotaged the development
of their reward
motivation circuitry,

950
00:51:21,837 --> 00:51:25,220
will find some relief
in doing drugs

951
00:51:25,254 --> 00:51:28,361
that elevate dopamine levels,
temporary relief.

952
00:51:29,569 --> 00:51:32,054
Or in activities that
elevate dopamine levels.

953
00:51:32,089 --> 00:51:34,815
So for the gambling addict,
that's the gambling.

954
00:51:34,850 --> 00:51:38,129
He's not after the gambling,
he's after the dopamine
that he's getting.

955
00:51:38,164 --> 00:51:41,028
And it's not about the money.

956
00:51:41,063 --> 00:51:42,375
Because when
they win the money,

957
00:51:42,409 --> 00:51:44,515
they go back the next day
and they lose the money.

958
00:51:44,549 --> 00:51:47,932
And if you look at brain
scans of people engaged
in compulsive shopping,

959
00:51:47,966 --> 00:51:51,832
the same part of the brain
will light up as will light up
if they do cocaine.

960
00:51:56,285 --> 00:51:58,460
If, when we look
at those people,

961
00:51:58,494 --> 00:52:03,258
we don't see the pain
that's driving their behavior,

962
00:52:03,292 --> 00:52:06,606
it's because we're
denying our own pain.

963
00:52:06,640 --> 00:52:13,268
And if we are driven
to judge them for their
compulsive attachment

964
00:52:13,302 --> 00:52:18,273
to seeking momentary joy
from external source
like a drug,

965
00:52:19,343 --> 00:52:20,861
it's because
we live in a society

966
00:52:20,896 --> 00:52:24,934
that's completely addicted
to seeking momentary joy
from external sources.

967
00:52:27,178 --> 00:52:30,043
Whole industries
and businesses

968
00:52:30,077 --> 00:52:34,185
and the livelihood
of millions of people

969
00:52:34,220 --> 00:52:38,155
depends on manufacturing stuff
that's completely unnecessary,

970
00:52:39,604 --> 00:52:42,331
doesn't enhance anybody's
life in any significant way,

971
00:52:42,366 --> 00:52:44,299
but which provides
momentary pleasure.

972
00:52:56,276 --> 00:52:58,968
I was in San Francisco
a couple of years ago,

973
00:52:59,003 --> 00:53:02,489
and around this block
there was this thick line up,

974
00:53:02,524 --> 00:53:05,699
people four abreast,
around the block.

975
00:53:05,734 --> 00:53:07,011
I said,
"Gee, what's going on?

976
00:53:07,045 --> 00:53:10,566
They said, "Oh, the new iPad
is coming out."

977
00:53:10,601 --> 00:53:12,189
So I actually
talked to somebody.

978
00:53:12,223 --> 00:53:14,984
I said, "Look, I get it.
The iPad is a great...
I don't have one,

979
00:53:15,019 --> 00:53:17,297
"but I get that
it's a great device,

980
00:53:17,332 --> 00:53:19,092
"but why line up here?

981
00:53:19,126 --> 00:53:21,336
"Couldn't you wait
till tomorrow or next week?"

982
00:53:21,370 --> 00:53:25,098
"No, man, you know."
You got to have it right now.

983
00:53:25,132 --> 00:53:26,686
Bob Dylan in his great...

984
00:53:26,720 --> 00:53:30,517
I think Martin Scorsese,
the documentary
with Bob Dylan, uh,

985
00:53:30,552 --> 00:53:33,451
he's sitting in the back
of a limousine or a car,

986
00:53:33,486 --> 00:53:36,351
and these two young fans
want his signature.

987
00:53:38,905 --> 00:53:40,734
You're so miserable. Come on, it won't take long.

988
00:53:40,769 --> 00:53:42,874
[INDISTINCT]

989
00:53:42,909 --> 00:53:45,187
They don't ask me.
Those other two people
don't ask me.

990
00:53:45,222 --> 00:53:46,292
Why do you?

991
00:53:46,326 --> 00:53:47,500
Why shouldn't you give it? You so miserable?

992
00:53:47,534 --> 00:53:48,777
Why shouldn't you give it? Why did we come...

993
00:53:48,811 --> 00:53:50,744
Well, because they like me.
They said...

994
00:53:50,779 --> 00:53:51,918
We don't like you anymore.

995
00:53:51,952 --> 00:53:53,091
She called me a bum.

996
00:53:53,126 --> 00:53:54,265
That's all we want.

997
00:53:54,300 --> 00:53:55,508
May I have
your autograph?

998
00:53:55,542 --> 00:53:57,199
You're kind of a bum...

999
00:53:57,234 --> 00:53:58,580
You called me a bum... Come on, Bob.

1000
00:53:58,614 --> 00:53:59,788
Oh, come on...

1001
00:53:59,822 --> 00:54:00,996
You don't need my autograph.

1002
00:54:01,030 --> 00:54:03,170
If you needed it,
I'd give it to you.

1003
00:54:04,551 --> 00:54:06,035
[GUITAR PLAYING]

1004
00:54:27,574 --> 00:54:29,058
MATE: Nobody needs an iPad.

1005
00:54:29,093 --> 00:54:30,543
People can use it,

1006
00:54:30,577 --> 00:54:32,786
but why line up
at 4:00 in the morning?

1007
00:54:32,821 --> 00:54:35,582
You think that's going to
somehow fulfill your life,

1008
00:54:35,617 --> 00:54:37,515
fill in the holes
where you're empty?

1009
00:54:37,550 --> 00:54:39,206
That's the society we live in.

1010
00:54:39,241 --> 00:54:40,622
[CLAMORING]

1011
00:55:01,470 --> 00:55:03,990
We see the addiction
as the problem,

1012
00:55:04,024 --> 00:55:05,888
and of course
that's legitimate,

1013
00:55:05,923 --> 00:55:08,374
addiction is a problem,
it creates problems,

1014
00:55:08,408 --> 00:55:11,066
but it's not
the primary problem.

1015
00:55:11,100 --> 00:55:12,412
We really need to appreciate

1016
00:55:12,447 --> 00:55:15,277
the importance
of the prenatal environment
in child development,

1017
00:55:15,312 --> 00:55:19,454
and to understand that
when we see dysfunction
in people,

1018
00:55:19,488 --> 00:55:23,320
we're actually
seeing the imprint
of that early experience.

1019
00:55:34,986 --> 00:55:36,850
You talk to people
about their childhood,
and they say,

1020
00:55:36,885 --> 00:55:39,681
"I don't remember,
I don't remember,
I don't remember."

1021
00:55:39,715 --> 00:55:40,992
Well, the fact is,
everybody remembers,

1022
00:55:41,027 --> 00:55:42,304
they just don't recall.

1023
00:55:42,339 --> 00:55:43,788
It's usually because
either nothing happened,

1024
00:55:43,823 --> 00:55:46,204
or too much happened.
Usually it's too much.

1025
00:55:47,413 --> 00:55:49,311
And so that, one way
they dealt with it,

1026
00:55:49,346 --> 00:55:51,244
was to split their attention
from what's going on,

1027
00:55:51,278 --> 00:55:53,660
so they're not
going to recall.

1028
00:55:53,695 --> 00:55:57,837
I know that people often
tell me that I have a sad
expression on my face.

1029
00:55:57,871 --> 00:56:00,218
That sadness is a memory.

1030
00:56:00,253 --> 00:56:03,083
It's somehow just
programed into me.

1031
00:56:03,118 --> 00:56:05,327
But it's not a recall memory.

1032
00:56:11,678 --> 00:56:13,749
[INFANT COOING]

1033
00:56:13,784 --> 00:56:16,407
We have to distinguish
between those two important
kinds of memories,

1034
00:56:16,442 --> 00:56:19,445
and so often
our lives show up

1035
00:56:19,479 --> 00:56:21,412
as those imprinted memories,
and that imprint

1036
00:56:21,447 --> 00:56:22,655
starts in utero.

1037
00:56:26,762 --> 00:56:31,836
During the time in the uterus,
we have no speech.

1038
00:56:31,871 --> 00:56:36,082
All these experiences
are real experiences,

1039
00:56:36,116 --> 00:56:40,086
but not represented
in the speech ego.

1040
00:56:40,120 --> 00:56:46,057
Therefore these pre-verbal
experiences are unconscious.

1041
00:56:48,646 --> 00:56:51,304
They can be in dreams,

1042
00:56:51,338 --> 00:56:54,583
but also in all
daily situations,

1043
00:56:54,618 --> 00:56:56,654
they can be present.

1044
00:57:00,071 --> 00:57:03,247
VERNY: When you put
optic fibers into the womb,

1045
00:57:03,281 --> 00:57:06,595
you can see rapid
eye movements of babies,

1046
00:57:06,630 --> 00:57:09,287
which in adults, always means
that they are dreaming.

1047
00:57:10,530 --> 00:57:14,258
People will often wonder,
"What can fetus dream about?"

1048
00:57:14,292 --> 00:57:18,055
Well, he dreams about
the same things
that you and I dream about,

1049
00:57:18,089 --> 00:57:19,815
in terms of our experiences.

1050
00:57:22,577 --> 00:57:26,166
There's a lot more
to fetal life than
we have ever thought.

1051
00:57:26,201 --> 00:57:27,340
I reckon, by now,

1052
00:57:27,374 --> 00:57:30,585
I've analyzed
thousands of dreams

1053
00:57:30,619 --> 00:57:33,898
by many patients
and the dreams,

1054
00:57:33,933 --> 00:57:37,143
reveal earlier levels of life.

1055
00:57:37,177 --> 00:57:40,905
The patient may be far away
from his or her fetal life,

1056
00:57:41,734 --> 00:57:43,701
but in due time,

1057
00:57:43,736 --> 00:57:45,910
as one wipes away
level by level,

1058
00:57:45,945 --> 00:57:49,569
eventually we get down
to the truth.

1059
00:57:52,089 --> 00:57:54,988
Everybody has an imprint.

1060
00:57:55,023 --> 00:57:56,403
The imprint happens

1061
00:57:56,438 --> 00:58:02,409
because of the long history
of traumas in the world.

1062
00:58:05,205 --> 00:58:07,138
We have to be aware
of the fact that

1063
00:58:07,173 --> 00:58:11,453
there is a whole spectrum,
you know, uh,

1064
00:58:11,488 --> 00:58:14,352
of traumas
that can happen to us.

1065
00:58:14,387 --> 00:58:20,393
And it is those things
that are passed on
from generation to generation.

1066
00:58:20,427 --> 00:58:23,223
So that if a certain gene
is switched on,

1067
00:58:23,258 --> 00:58:25,571
it will continue
to be switched on

1068
00:58:25,605 --> 00:58:28,470
until the environment
somehow switches it off.

1069
00:58:32,301 --> 00:58:38,929
Genetically, we have taken
genes from a lot of people

1070
00:58:38,963 --> 00:58:43,002
so each one of us has roots,

1071
00:58:43,036 --> 00:58:47,627
even if we don't know
the roots that we have.

1072
00:58:47,662 --> 00:58:52,874
And these roots, furthermore,
go back in time,

1073
00:58:52,908 --> 00:58:59,397
so in some way,
we have, inside of ourselves,
layers of humanity.

1074
00:59:02,055 --> 00:59:04,057
What we're actually
looking at is the impact

1075
00:59:04,092 --> 00:59:06,991
of the multi-generational
family history.

1076
00:59:09,649 --> 00:59:12,100
Mothers, grandmothers,
great-grandmothers,

1077
00:59:12,134 --> 00:59:14,033
and however far we go back,

1078
00:59:14,067 --> 00:59:17,761
people have been through wars,
famine, disasters of all sort.

1079
00:59:17,795 --> 00:59:20,729
Stress that affected
one generation,

1080
00:59:20,764 --> 00:59:24,664
will be played out very
exactly in the next generation

1081
00:59:24,699 --> 00:59:27,494
to the degree that
the next generation

1082
00:59:27,529 --> 00:59:30,221
has understood
or not understood it.

1083
00:59:30,256 --> 00:59:32,569
Has dealt with it
or not dealt with it.

1084
00:59:32,603 --> 00:59:34,950
So fundamentally, so long
as we're not conscious,

1085
00:59:34,985 --> 00:59:37,712
we're going to pass on
our stress and our trauma
to our kids.

1086
00:59:41,025 --> 00:59:43,649
GAVIN: When I was
in graduate school at
the University of Michigan,

1087
00:59:43,683 --> 00:59:46,790
one of my classmates
was talking about this idea

1088
00:59:46,824 --> 00:59:50,000
called the black-white
disparity in preterm birth
in low birth weight.

1089
00:59:50,034 --> 00:59:52,209
Something I'd never
heard about.

1090
00:59:52,243 --> 00:59:55,488
And I was shocked
at the reality that
in any given year,

1091
00:59:55,522 --> 00:59:58,111
black women are
nearly twice as likely

1092
00:59:58,146 --> 00:59:59,561
as their white counterparts

1093
00:59:59,596 --> 01:00:02,219
to deliver a low birth weight
or preterm infant.

1094
01:00:02,253 --> 01:00:04,428
And why
that's such a big concern

1095
01:00:04,462 --> 01:00:08,259
is that babies born early
obviously have higher rates
of morbidity and mortality.

1096
01:00:10,123 --> 01:00:11,849
When I became
a professor here,

1097
01:00:11,884 --> 01:00:14,714
I immediately wanted to know
what was behind this.

1098
01:00:14,749 --> 01:00:16,371
And then,
with my own pregnancy,

1099
01:00:16,405 --> 01:00:18,615
I was carrying twins,
a higher risk pregnancy.

1100
01:00:18,649 --> 01:00:22,239
I started thinking about
my great grandmother. Um...

1101
01:00:22,273 --> 01:00:27,624
She had two sets of twins
that both perished before
they reached 12 months of age.

1102
01:00:28,245 --> 01:00:29,418
It haunts me.

1103
01:00:29,453 --> 01:00:30,799
No one has since had twins

1104
01:00:30,834 --> 01:00:33,630
until from my
great-grandmother to me.

1105
01:00:33,664 --> 01:00:35,701
So that was always a story
my grandmother told me

1106
01:00:35,735 --> 01:00:38,531
that she remembers them,
briefly in her life.

1107
01:00:38,565 --> 01:00:39,912
She was working out
in the field,

1108
01:00:39,946 --> 01:00:42,293
so she brought them out
in the fields with her.

1109
01:00:42,328 --> 01:00:44,364
And she wasn't able
to breastfeed them.

1110
01:00:44,399 --> 01:00:47,195
So that contributed
to their early demise.

1111
01:00:48,955 --> 01:00:51,751
Obviously she felt
a deep sadness about that,

1112
01:00:51,786 --> 01:00:53,822
and my mother
repeated that story,

1113
01:00:53,857 --> 01:00:59,794
and she, as well as I,
felt this deep remorse
for the loss of these twins.

1114
01:01:02,244 --> 01:01:05,247
My grandmother
had undiagnosed depression,

1115
01:01:05,282 --> 01:01:08,595
which then contributed
to my mother's
stress level as well.

1116
01:01:08,630 --> 01:01:10,045
And I started
thinking about that,

1117
01:01:10,080 --> 01:01:11,840
and how that got
transmitted to me,

1118
01:01:11,875 --> 01:01:15,361
and how I was going to
transmit that to
the next generation.

1119
01:01:15,395 --> 01:01:16,500
It was scary.

1120
01:01:16,534 --> 01:01:18,709
I felt like
at any point in time,

1121
01:01:18,744 --> 01:01:22,057
unfortunately, my children
could die in utero.

1122
01:01:22,092 --> 01:01:23,541
How I dealt with the anxiety,

1123
01:01:23,576 --> 01:01:25,578
was that I would refuse
to look at the ultrasound

1124
01:01:25,612 --> 01:01:29,547
until my husband told me
everything was okay
with their heartbeats.

1125
01:01:29,582 --> 01:01:34,967
Um, and that's basically
how I lived through
that pregnancy.

1126
01:01:35,001 --> 01:01:37,763
And I think that affected me
in my attachment to them

1127
01:01:37,797 --> 01:01:39,488
when they were born,
initially.

1128
01:01:39,523 --> 01:01:41,628
I couldn't change
their diapers.

1129
01:01:41,663 --> 01:01:43,458
I didn't really want
to hold them,

1130
01:01:43,492 --> 01:01:47,496
which is probably
part of the reason
why we had a third child.

1131
01:01:52,467 --> 01:01:55,401
Every woman who has a child,

1132
01:01:57,092 --> 01:01:59,888
puts on that child
her experience.

1133
01:01:59,923 --> 01:02:02,788
And so any way that women
are treated

1134
01:02:03,754 --> 01:02:05,618
is what gets passed down.

1135
01:02:06,964 --> 01:02:11,072
Women have borne
the burden, the pain,

1136
01:02:11,106 --> 01:02:14,075
of thousands of years

1137
01:02:14,109 --> 01:02:18,458
where men have treated
women badly,

1138
01:02:19,287 --> 01:02:20,909
have devalued women.

1139
01:02:21,841 --> 01:02:25,362
That devaluation, that pain,

1140
01:02:25,396 --> 01:02:27,916
is part of every
woman's heritage.

1141
01:02:31,644 --> 01:02:35,130
Men took over, being stronger,

1142
01:02:35,165 --> 01:02:38,927
and made women believe
they were second-class.

1143
01:02:38,962 --> 01:02:43,898
And women are second-class
in the minds of men
to this very day.

1144
01:02:43,932 --> 01:02:47,556
You know examples
and I know many examples.

1145
01:02:47,591 --> 01:02:53,873
Despite our talk
about equality,
it is an uphill battle.

1146
01:02:53,908 --> 01:02:57,635
Thousands and thousands
of years, of this toxicity

1147
01:02:59,120 --> 01:03:01,847
that is ground
into the unconscious

1148
01:03:01,881 --> 01:03:04,677
of every person
and every woman.

1149
01:03:06,610 --> 01:03:11,339
Now, that stuff is what is
projected into the new baby.

1150
01:03:25,008 --> 01:03:28,563
And what's terrible
is the children born now,

1151
01:03:28,597 --> 01:03:31,290
have to bear that burden
from the past,

1152
01:03:31,324 --> 01:03:36,398
and have to bear the burden
of current conditions
in the world.

1153
01:03:46,305 --> 01:03:51,793
MATE: I had this
sex trade worker who
has died since of HIV,

1154
01:03:51,828 --> 01:03:54,382
but I asked her what heroin
did for her, and she said,

1155
01:03:54,416 --> 01:03:58,455
"The first time I did heroin,
it felt like a warm soft hug."

1156
01:03:58,489 --> 01:04:01,976
Which is exactly what
she would have gotten
from her mom,

1157
01:04:02,010 --> 01:04:04,771
had her mom not been
traumatized herself.

1158
01:04:04,806 --> 01:04:09,017
And a guy in his 40s,
a big imposing-looking,

1159
01:04:09,052 --> 01:04:14,678
muscled, tattooed
fellow in rehab,

1160
01:04:14,712 --> 01:04:16,887
I asked him what
the heroin did for him,

1161
01:04:16,922 --> 01:04:18,647
and he said "Doc, I don't know
how to tell you this,

1162
01:04:18,682 --> 01:04:21,478
"but it's sort of like
when you're a kid,

1163
01:04:21,512 --> 01:04:24,688
"and you're three years old,
and you're sick
and you're shivering

1164
01:04:24,722 --> 01:04:26,517
"and your mommy
puts you on her lap,

1165
01:04:26,552 --> 01:04:28,243
"and she wraps you
in a warm blanket

1166
01:04:28,278 --> 01:04:29,693
"and gives you
warm chicken soup,

1167
01:04:29,727 --> 01:04:31,384
"that's what the heroin
feels like."

1168
01:04:31,419 --> 01:04:33,317
What are they talking about?

1169
01:04:33,352 --> 01:04:34,732
They're talking about love.

1170
01:04:36,320 --> 01:04:38,046
Heroin gives them
that feeling of love.

1171
01:04:38,081 --> 01:04:39,737
Who wouldn't want that?

1172
01:04:39,772 --> 01:04:41,291
The heroin is their attempt

1173
01:04:41,325 --> 01:04:44,777
to solve the problem
of the absence of love
in their lives.

1174
01:04:44,811 --> 01:04:47,469
And that of course, again,
goes back to early experience.

1175
01:04:49,230 --> 01:04:52,543
There's that awareness
that we have to get
to know ourselves.

1176
01:04:52,578 --> 01:04:57,031
But we flee from
that kind of knowledge,

1177
01:04:57,065 --> 01:05:00,103
and I think we flee from it
because there's pain there,

1178
01:05:00,137 --> 01:05:02,070
and people don't want
to experience pain.

1179
01:05:04,935 --> 01:05:06,730
WEINER:
I think pharmaceuticals
are so prevalent

1180
01:05:06,764 --> 01:05:09,491
because people
don't know what to do.

1181
01:05:09,526 --> 01:05:12,322
The problem is,
when you say to somebody,

1182
01:05:12,356 --> 01:05:15,946
"Take this drug,"
what you're really saying is,

1183
01:05:15,981 --> 01:05:17,914
"I don't think
I can understand you.

1184
01:05:17,948 --> 01:05:19,467
"I don't think
we can get at your pain,

1185
01:05:19,501 --> 01:05:22,194
"I don't think
we can understand
why you're anxious everyday

1186
01:05:22,228 --> 01:05:24,610
"or understand
why you're depressed,

1187
01:05:24,644 --> 01:05:27,544
"so what I'd like to do
is quiet you down.

1188
01:05:28,476 --> 01:05:29,995
"I'd like to at least...

1189
01:05:30,029 --> 01:05:32,273
"Let's make it feel
a little better every day."

1190
01:05:32,307 --> 01:05:33,412
Well, then you're stuck.

1191
01:05:33,446 --> 01:05:35,897
You have to take a pill
the rest of your life.

1192
01:05:35,932 --> 01:05:37,692
And most people
on medication will say,

1193
01:05:37,726 --> 01:05:39,797
"Well, it helped me
for so long,

1194
01:05:39,832 --> 01:05:42,145
"but, Doctor,
I still have nightmares.

1195
01:05:43,940 --> 01:05:45,286
"What do I do?

1196
01:05:45,320 --> 01:05:48,151
"My relationships
still don't go right.

1197
01:05:48,185 --> 01:05:49,428
"What do I do?

1198
01:05:49,462 --> 01:05:51,119
"I'm still not happy.

1199
01:05:51,154 --> 01:05:53,984
"I'm not suicidal.
But I'm not happy.

1200
01:05:54,019 --> 01:05:55,744
"What do I do?"

1201
01:05:55,779 --> 01:05:57,505
When they present
this stuff about trauma

1202
01:05:57,539 --> 01:06:01,543
and early experience
and pain to physicians,

1203
01:06:01,578 --> 01:06:03,821
they don't get
a lot of arguments,

1204
01:06:03,856 --> 01:06:05,927
and I don't get
a lot of arguments.

1205
01:06:05,962 --> 01:06:07,825
We present the data.

1206
01:06:07,860 --> 01:06:09,896
What we get is silence.

1207
01:06:09,931 --> 01:06:13,072
A kind of stunned,
uncomfortable silence.

1208
01:06:15,178 --> 01:06:17,697
This is your last chance.

1209
01:06:17,732 --> 01:06:20,321
After this,
there is no turning back.

1210
01:06:20,355 --> 01:06:22,081
You take the blue pill,

1211
01:06:22,116 --> 01:06:24,842
the story ends,
you wake up in your bed

1212
01:06:24,877 --> 01:06:27,397
and believe whatever
you want to believe.

1213
01:06:27,431 --> 01:06:31,677
You take the red pill,
you stay in Wonderland,

1214
01:06:31,711 --> 01:06:34,542
and I show you how deep
the rabbit hole goes.

1215
01:06:34,576 --> 01:06:36,647
WEINER: I think the kind
of suffering people,

1216
01:06:36,682 --> 01:06:38,580
at least come
into the office with,

1217
01:06:40,168 --> 01:06:41,445
runs the gamut.

1218
01:06:41,480 --> 01:06:43,620
And it really
is everything from,

1219
01:06:43,654 --> 01:06:46,278
"I can't find the right mate,"

1220
01:06:46,312 --> 01:06:48,935
to "My marriage
is falling apart,"

1221
01:06:48,970 --> 01:06:51,628
to "I don't know what
I want to do with my life."

1222
01:06:51,662 --> 01:06:56,426
And then of course you have
much more severe pathologies.

1223
01:06:56,460 --> 01:06:57,772
People can't work,

1224
01:06:57,806 --> 01:07:00,395
or they can't go to school,

1225
01:07:00,430 --> 01:07:04,089
they can't sustain any kind
of meaningful relationship.

1226
01:07:04,123 --> 01:07:08,403
And, you know, sometimes
they're really on the verge
of saying, "I'm done."

1227
01:07:09,991 --> 01:07:13,443
InThe Matrix, Morpheus
would play the analyst.

1228
01:07:13,477 --> 01:07:17,585
What it's really talking about
here is the imprint.

1229
01:07:17,619 --> 01:07:19,276
It's really saying,

1230
01:07:19,311 --> 01:07:23,211
"Listen, each person doesn't
realize that they're plugged
into their own imprint."

1231
01:07:25,489 --> 01:07:27,181
The Matrix is a system, Neo.

1232
01:07:28,492 --> 01:07:30,598
That system is our enemy.

1233
01:07:30,632 --> 01:07:32,048
WEINER: This is it.

1234
01:07:32,082 --> 01:07:34,429
You think
you are living your life,

1235
01:07:34,464 --> 01:07:36,086
but really you're not.

1236
01:07:36,121 --> 01:07:40,849
And what Neo discovers,
is that life is a fantasy.

1237
01:07:40,884 --> 01:07:43,783
In a way,
that's what the power
of denial does.

1238
01:07:43,818 --> 01:07:45,992
Keeps you from really
living your life.

1239
01:07:46,027 --> 01:07:47,097
You have to understand,

1240
01:07:47,132 --> 01:07:50,756
most of these people
are not ready to be unplugged.

1241
01:07:50,790 --> 01:07:52,551
And many of them
are so inured,

1242
01:07:52,585 --> 01:07:55,174
so hopelessly dependent
on the system,

1243
01:07:55,209 --> 01:07:57,349
that they will fight
to protect it.

1244
01:07:58,798 --> 01:08:01,629
You've split off
your personality.

1245
01:08:01,663 --> 01:08:05,391
You've taken on
an enormous portion
of your mother's.

1246
01:08:06,082 --> 01:08:07,290
So it's not really you.

1247
01:08:16,161 --> 01:08:19,440
The moment when Neo is
unplugged is quite a moment.

1248
01:08:19,474 --> 01:08:22,270
I think it's just as
terrifying for a patient.

1249
01:08:22,305 --> 01:08:26,412
Because they're facing
the moment of their
initial trauma.

1250
01:08:34,110 --> 01:08:35,180
[YELLS]

1251
01:08:39,598 --> 01:08:40,840
Okay.

1252
01:08:41,669 --> 01:08:44,534
Get my body back
into a power plant,

1253
01:08:44,568 --> 01:08:48,020
re-insert me into the Matrix,
I'll get you what you want.

1254
01:08:48,054 --> 01:08:49,849
I think everybody
could understand

1255
01:08:49,884 --> 01:08:52,266
Cypher's desire
to be plugged back in.

1256
01:08:52,300 --> 01:08:55,510
Nine hard years,
they're running
for their lives.

1257
01:08:55,545 --> 01:08:57,340
This is a constant battle.

1258
01:08:57,374 --> 01:08:59,721
He's saying,
"What have I really got?

1259
01:08:59,756 --> 01:09:03,208
"Please make me numb again,
give me back my fake life."

1260
01:09:03,242 --> 01:09:06,901
After nine years,
you know what I realize?

1261
01:09:12,665 --> 01:09:13,666
[SIGHS]

1262
01:09:15,220 --> 01:09:16,669
Ignorance is bliss.

1263
01:09:18,257 --> 01:09:21,571
The part of him
that can't tolerate it,

1264
01:09:21,605 --> 01:09:25,540
that says,
"This is too painful,
I don't like it," wins.

1265
01:09:26,610 --> 01:09:28,819
But we know where
he's going back to,

1266
01:09:28,854 --> 01:09:31,097
and it's not good-looking.

1267
01:09:39,002 --> 01:09:42,039
I think a lot of people
consciously want freedom.

1268
01:09:42,074 --> 01:09:45,111
They're talking about it
all the time.

1269
01:09:45,146 --> 01:09:49,875
But if we start to see
the reasons that people
may talk about it,

1270
01:09:49,909 --> 01:09:52,257
but might not
either fight for it,

1271
01:09:52,291 --> 01:09:58,263
demand it, or even notice
when it's chipped away at.

1272
01:09:58,297 --> 01:10:04,752
Because there is an idea
already embedded that says,

1273
01:10:04,786 --> 01:10:08,756
"Take care of me.
Take care of me.

1274
01:10:08,790 --> 01:10:12,104
"See, if you're free,
you won't take care of me.

1275
01:10:12,138 --> 01:10:16,626
"I need you to take care
of me because I can't
handle doing all of this."

1276
01:10:16,660 --> 01:10:21,700
BAIL: Civilization is
a very thin veneer
that everybody wears.

1277
01:10:23,080 --> 01:10:24,599
You wipe that off,

1278
01:10:24,634 --> 01:10:27,430
everybody's functioning
like a baby.

1279
01:10:27,464 --> 01:10:31,296
With all these
archaic mechanisms,

1280
01:10:31,330 --> 01:10:35,127
with all those archaic
feelings running rampant.

1281
01:10:36,508 --> 01:10:41,547
WEINER: Now, the good news is,
life in the pod was nothing.

1282
01:10:41,582 --> 01:10:44,619
You thought this would
all kill you at the start.

1283
01:10:44,654 --> 01:10:47,864
But giving it back
or getting rid of it,

1284
01:10:47,898 --> 01:10:50,832
unplugging from it,
will actually give you a life.

1285
01:10:53,076 --> 01:10:56,424
This may be your first chance
to know your whole self.

1286
01:10:56,459 --> 01:10:58,046
Can you imagine?

1287
01:10:59,876 --> 01:11:01,602
But you're talking to a baby.

1288
01:11:03,328 --> 01:11:07,746
You're talking to
a little baby who's
saying, "No, I'll die."

1289
01:11:07,780 --> 01:11:10,162
You're not talking
to an adult.

1290
01:11:10,196 --> 01:11:12,647
An adult might say,
"Yeah, I get it, Doctor.

1291
01:11:12,682 --> 01:11:14,235
"I'm rooting for you."

1292
01:11:15,063 --> 01:11:18,135
But a baby says,
"Don't you dare.

1293
01:11:22,588 --> 01:11:23,555
"I'll fight you."

1294
01:11:27,041 --> 01:11:28,145
InThe Matrix,

1295
01:11:28,180 --> 01:11:31,597
there's a whole scene
where there's a battle,

1296
01:11:31,632 --> 01:11:35,774
and I would say
the battle is between
Neo and a terrified baby.

1297
01:11:35,808 --> 01:11:40,434
Which is, "Are you going
to be able to change things?"

1298
01:11:40,468 --> 01:11:43,506
Every time a person
wants to change something,

1299
01:11:43,540 --> 01:11:47,026
the baby that's afraid
steps in,

1300
01:11:47,061 --> 01:11:49,615
and it says,
"I can't change this.

1301
01:11:49,650 --> 01:11:51,168
"This saved me.

1302
01:11:51,203 --> 01:11:53,032
"This preserved my life.

1303
01:11:53,067 --> 01:11:55,897
"You want me to change this?
You must be crazy."

1304
01:11:55,932 --> 01:11:57,313
And it's not so polite.

1305
01:11:59,349 --> 01:12:01,938
That experience
is so dreadful,

1306
01:12:01,972 --> 01:12:06,736
that anything, any clue,

1307
01:12:06,770 --> 01:12:12,328
any hint of an analyst
approaching that domain

1308
01:12:13,605 --> 01:12:17,643
will send a number
of patients scurrying.

1309
01:12:17,678 --> 01:12:23,856
Fear of re-experiencing
that terrible trauma.

1310
01:12:27,584 --> 01:12:31,312
The necessity
to wake up is universal.

1311
01:12:32,106 --> 01:12:33,866
But what induces sleep

1312
01:12:33,901 --> 01:12:38,388
is our vulnerability
as fetuses to handle
the suffering.

1313
01:12:40,321 --> 01:12:43,048
And so that we don't
even fault ourselves

1314
01:12:43,082 --> 01:12:45,257
for having been asleep,
but we do.

1315
01:12:45,291 --> 01:12:48,191
We accept that,
that's what happened.

1316
01:12:53,127 --> 01:12:59,616
When I was 21
and enlisted in the Air Force,

1317
01:13:00,583 --> 01:13:04,034
I thought war was exciting.

1318
01:13:04,069 --> 01:13:08,729
With all kinds of fantasies
built up by movies and books.

1319
01:13:12,284 --> 01:13:14,631
The 25th mission,

1320
01:13:14,666 --> 01:13:19,602
the target was to hit
this jet plane factory
deep in Germany.

1321
01:13:21,293 --> 01:13:23,640
And over the target,
we got hit.

1322
01:13:26,091 --> 01:13:30,682
I felt the noise,
and I screamed.

1323
01:13:31,821 --> 01:13:34,202
It was so painful.

1324
01:13:34,237 --> 01:13:41,140
I saw the pilots who were
like dolls on the side.

1325
01:13:41,865 --> 01:13:43,315
I knew they were dead.

1326
01:13:46,214 --> 01:13:49,908
And there was only myself
and the engineer,

1327
01:13:49,942 --> 01:13:51,530
and he couldn't move.

1328
01:13:52,635 --> 01:13:54,050
And I called him a name.

1329
01:13:54,084 --> 01:13:56,846
I said, "You son of a bitch!
Come on!"

1330
01:13:56,880 --> 01:13:58,330
He was frozen.

1331
01:13:58,364 --> 01:14:01,782
And then it was too late.
I jumped.

1332
01:14:02,921 --> 01:14:05,820
His fear overwhelmed him.

1333
01:14:09,514 --> 01:14:11,792
I know about fear.

1334
01:14:11,826 --> 01:14:16,900
You cannot be in the war
without knowing about fear.

1335
01:14:16,935 --> 01:14:22,250
One understands
why people seek to die,

1336
01:14:23,493 --> 01:14:25,046
for example,
stand up in a trench

1337
01:14:25,081 --> 01:14:29,395
and be shot by the enemy
just to get it over.

1338
01:14:31,363 --> 01:14:37,403
But I also learned
that survival
is what people strive for.

1339
01:14:38,577 --> 01:14:39,820
Survive.

1340
01:14:40,924 --> 01:14:42,719
Survive at any cost.

1341
01:14:43,479 --> 01:14:46,171
Do anything to survive.

1342
01:14:47,862 --> 01:14:51,728
WEINER:
When you see people
fight to get their lives,

1343
01:14:51,763 --> 01:14:54,420
and you see what human beings
are capable of,

1344
01:14:54,455 --> 01:14:57,044
I don't think there's anything
like it in the whole world.

1345
01:14:57,078 --> 01:15:00,737
It's striking

1346
01:15:00,772 --> 01:15:05,915
how often I've been
told by people
with serious illnesses,

1347
01:15:06,640 --> 01:15:09,090
and even fatal illnesses,

1348
01:15:09,125 --> 01:15:12,680
that this disease
was the best thing
that ever happened to them.

1349
01:15:12,715 --> 01:15:16,339
Now, I don't recommend
that way of waking up.

1350
01:15:17,098 --> 01:15:19,342
But what they mean is that,

1351
01:15:19,376 --> 01:15:20,723
"Having to deal
with this disease

1352
01:15:20,757 --> 01:15:23,484
"actually woke me up
to who I really am,

1353
01:15:23,519 --> 01:15:26,280
"and who I've been and what
I've not been all my life.

1354
01:15:26,314 --> 01:15:28,489
"And it's taught me
what life really is all about.

1355
01:15:28,524 --> 01:15:32,113
"And that's worth
dying for."

1356
01:15:37,636 --> 01:15:38,982
WEINER: I think inThe Matrix,

1357
01:15:39,017 --> 01:15:42,779
it's very interesting
because when Neo finally dies,

1358
01:15:44,470 --> 01:15:46,542
what brings him
back to life is love.

1359
01:15:49,683 --> 01:15:51,339
Well, wait a minute,

1360
01:15:51,374 --> 01:15:54,101
love can bring you
back from death?

1361
01:15:55,102 --> 01:15:57,104
This is very good news.

1362
01:16:01,004 --> 01:16:05,112
BAIL: When you com
to a point of knowing

1363
01:16:05,146 --> 01:16:09,634
what is the cause of all this.

1364
01:16:09,668 --> 01:16:12,119
And you know
it's your fetal life

1365
01:16:12,153 --> 01:16:18,056
where all this desperation,
this pain, takes place.

1366
01:16:18,090 --> 01:16:21,577
And when you have an answer,
like the door opens.

1367
01:16:22,957 --> 01:16:27,962
Because one can
make sense of it.

1368
01:16:27,997 --> 01:16:32,173
One can make absolute sense
of all the feelings.

1369
01:16:32,208 --> 01:16:36,764
The patient has to come
to an emotional understanding

1370
01:16:36,799 --> 01:16:41,907
because what is first
in a human being is feeling.

1371
01:16:44,807 --> 01:16:48,327
The fetus is a feeling entity.

1372
01:16:49,432 --> 01:16:50,985
Not a mental entity.

1373
01:16:51,020 --> 01:16:52,366
A feeling entity.

1374
01:16:58,959 --> 01:17:00,995
Only when compassion
is present,

1375
01:17:01,030 --> 01:17:03,791
will people allow
themselves to see the truth.

1376
01:17:03,826 --> 01:17:08,554
Compassion for the fact
that unconsciousness
is a response.

1377
01:17:08,589 --> 01:17:12,006
Because it was too painful
to be conscious
when we were young.

1378
01:17:12,041 --> 01:17:15,872
Not to blame ourselves
for what we did
as a result of that,

1379
01:17:15,907 --> 01:17:18,012
but to be compassionate
with ourselves,

1380
01:17:18,047 --> 01:17:19,289
not to fault ourselves,

1381
01:17:19,324 --> 01:17:21,360
what we did to
ourselves or others,

1382
01:17:21,395 --> 01:17:23,259
but to be curious
as to why we did it.

1383
01:17:28,851 --> 01:17:30,784
I read a quote
by Maya Angelou.

1384
01:17:30,818 --> 01:17:32,026
She said,

1385
01:17:32,061 --> 01:17:34,339
"You do the best you can

1386
01:17:34,373 --> 01:17:36,721
"until you know better,
then you do better."

1387
01:17:36,755 --> 01:17:38,205
That's a paraphrase.

1388
01:17:43,520 --> 01:17:46,420
You have to be careful
how you tell a woman

1389
01:17:46,454 --> 01:17:49,768
that what she does
impacts her baby

1390
01:17:49,803 --> 01:17:52,495
because she can only
do what she can do.

1391
01:17:55,636 --> 01:17:59,157
I tend to be very analytical
and think about things a lot,

1392
01:17:59,191 --> 01:18:04,058
and, um, give myself
some unneeded anxieties.

1393
01:18:05,784 --> 01:18:08,269
HALE: Is this chil
going to be healthy?

1394
01:18:08,304 --> 01:18:10,237
Is the child going to have

1395
01:18:10,271 --> 01:18:13,067
some kind of, you know,
developmental disorders,

1396
01:18:13,102 --> 01:18:16,553
or be killed at whatever age?

1397
01:18:18,038 --> 01:18:21,041
I spent a lot of the pregnancy
being very on edge.

1398
01:18:23,422 --> 01:18:25,286
ERTEL: The way that
we're taught in our society,

1399
01:18:25,321 --> 01:18:27,461
we're always second-guessing.

1400
01:18:27,495 --> 01:18:30,015
We're looking to books
and other people
for information

1401
01:18:30,050 --> 01:18:32,086
on how to raise our children
when it should be,

1402
01:18:32,121 --> 01:18:34,710
and it is,
an innate knowledge.

1403
01:18:37,747 --> 01:18:42,510
Women need to know
that babies are strong.

1404
01:18:42,545 --> 01:18:48,896
We all spend
nearly nine months
in this intrauterine life

1405
01:18:48,931 --> 01:18:51,002
with this happiness
and with these sufferings

1406
01:18:51,036 --> 01:18:54,005
and we all have to
pass through birth,

1407
01:18:54,039 --> 01:18:58,906
which is perhaps
one of the hardest
labors on this planet.

1408
01:18:58,941 --> 01:19:00,563
To be born.

1409
01:19:00,597 --> 01:19:01,840
And to give birth.

1410
01:19:04,049 --> 01:19:06,500
The birth is a journey
of the hero

1411
01:19:06,534 --> 01:19:08,536
like The Little Mermaid...

1412
01:19:08,571 --> 01:19:09,710
Alice in Wonderland...

1413
01:19:09,745 --> 01:19:12,092
and The Matrix.

1414
01:19:12,126 --> 01:19:14,059
I remember walking
into the clinic on a Monday,

1415
01:19:14,094 --> 01:19:16,959
and having nurses' jaws drop.

1416
01:19:16,993 --> 01:19:21,826
I was 213 pounds the day
before I delivered them.

1417
01:19:21,860 --> 01:19:25,968
I started having contractions
around 1:00 or 2:00
in the morning.

1418
01:19:27,279 --> 01:19:29,385
WILSON:
When labor actually started,

1419
01:19:29,419 --> 01:19:32,284
all of our children were able
to be there for the birth.

1420
01:19:33,803 --> 01:19:36,426
It was absolutely insane
getting to the hospital.

1421
01:19:36,461 --> 01:19:39,567
My feet were hanging out
the window, practically.

1422
01:19:39,602 --> 01:19:42,467
We arrived,
screamed up to the front door.

1423
01:19:42,501 --> 01:19:44,296
And then, you know, like,
an hour later,

1424
01:19:44,331 --> 01:19:46,712
I was ready to push.

1425
01:19:46,747 --> 01:19:48,438
Certainly the contractions
were intense,

1426
01:19:48,473 --> 01:19:51,096
but I can only imagine
what it feels like inside.

1427
01:19:51,131 --> 01:19:54,203
I was thinking to myself,
you know, just breathe.

1428
01:19:54,237 --> 01:19:55,860
Just breathe, just breathe.

1429
01:19:57,862 --> 01:20:00,761
It's an awful pain,
but it brings you ahead.

1430
01:20:00,796 --> 01:20:02,073
And with every wave,

1431
01:20:02,107 --> 01:20:05,766
you come a little bit
nearer to our world.

1432
01:20:38,868 --> 01:20:43,493
VERNY: World ecology
has to start with
womb ecology.

1433
01:20:43,528 --> 01:20:48,982
We cannot have peace
and good people in the world

1434
01:20:49,016 --> 01:20:53,607
without raising peaceful,
good children.

1435
01:20:53,641 --> 01:20:56,644
And that has to start
at conception,

1436
01:20:56,679 --> 01:20:59,371
not at birth,
but at conception.

1437
01:21:01,753 --> 01:21:04,790
The more people
really realize all of this,

1438
01:21:04,825 --> 01:21:09,036
I think the more thought
goes into how we treat

1439
01:21:09,071 --> 01:21:13,489
the unborn child,
but also how do we treat
the mother?

1440
01:21:13,523 --> 01:21:17,286
How do we start
to make sure we're
really making this a world

1441
01:21:17,320 --> 01:21:22,187
where we don't
have to send so much

1442
01:21:22,222 --> 01:21:28,884
very troubling, difficult
thoughts and feelings
towards our fetuses?

1443
01:21:28,918 --> 01:21:32,508
It's our responsibility
to make a better job of it

1444
01:21:32,542 --> 01:21:34,303
than we have done in the past.

1445
01:21:35,994 --> 01:21:38,963
There are too many children
who are neglected,

1446
01:21:38,997 --> 01:21:41,586
who are born
and raised unloved,

1447
01:21:41,620 --> 01:21:43,519
and unless this changes,

1448
01:21:43,553 --> 01:21:45,141
the world
is not going to change.

1449
01:21:46,660 --> 01:21:49,042
WEINER: When you start
to lift off the damage,

1450
01:21:49,076 --> 01:21:53,356
you get to a much
more loving state of mind.

1451
01:21:53,391 --> 01:21:55,669
And love in that sense
is not only a feeling,

1452
01:21:55,703 --> 01:21:57,843
it's also
a set of actions.

1453
01:21:57,878 --> 01:21:59,984
It's also a set of relating.

1454
01:22:00,536 --> 01:22:03,470
It's, above all,

1455
01:22:04,885 --> 01:22:09,165
a constant seeking
to understand the other.

1456
01:22:09,200 --> 01:22:13,721
BAIL:
When a baby is understood,
that baby is loved.

1457
01:22:15,896 --> 01:22:19,244
When the mother
puts the baby to the breast,

1458
01:22:19,279 --> 01:22:22,627
and the baby's hungry,
that baby is loved.

1459
01:22:25,388 --> 01:22:29,013
When the mother picks
the baby up
and holds it and pats it

1460
01:22:29,047 --> 01:22:32,326
and that's what
the baby wanted,
that baby is loved.

1461
01:22:33,465 --> 01:22:36,813
Being understood
is being loved.